Chii chinonzi mita yekuyerera kwemhepo yemotokari?
Chiyero chemagetsi chekufambisa mweya, chinozivikanwawo sechinongedzo chemhepo kana kuti chinongedzo chemhepo inopinda, chinhu chakakosha muhurongwa hwekupinda kweinjini yemagetsi inopinda mafuta. Basa rayo guru nderekuyera kufamba kwemhepo inopinda muinjini uye kuishandura kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chinotumirwa kuyuniti yekudzora injini (ECU) kuti chiverenge huwandu hweinjini inopinda mafuta.
Nzvimbo yekuisa uye musimboti wekutanga: Chiyero chemhepo chinowanzoiswa papombi yekupinda pakati pefirita yemhepo nemuviri wethrottle. Nekuona huremu kana huwandu hwemhepo inoyerera mumasilinda mukati menguva imwe chete, inopa ECU data rekutanga rekuverenga huwandu hwemafuta anoiswa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hwemhepo-mafuta hwakarurama uye kugadzirisa mashandiro einjini.
Maitiro ekushanda uye kupatsanura: Mhando huru dzinosanganisira rudzi rwemaburi (apo mapapiro emapapiro anotenderera achipindura kuyerera kwemhepo kuti agadzirise chiratidzo chekubuda kwekubatana, nechimiro chiri nyore asi chinononoka kupindura), uye rudzi rweKarman vortex (zvichishandisa musimboti wekuti frequency yekuchinjana kwemhepo inogadzirwa nemvura inoyerera pamusoro pechinhu chakatenderera inoenderana nechiyero chekuyerera, yakakamurwa kuita mhando dze optical ne ultrasonic, ine kunyatsorongeka kwakanyanya uye isina zvikamu zvinofamba). Magadzirirwo akasiyana anovavarira kuenzana kururama, kumhanya kwekupindura, uye kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa.
Kukosha uye kukanganisa kwezvikanganiso: Chiyero chemuchina wekufambisa mweya chakakosha pakugadzirisa kudzorwa kwemhepo, zvichikanganisa simba reinjini, kuchengetedza mafuta, uye mashandiro emhepo inoburitsa utsi. Kana ikakundikana (sekunge masaini asina kujairika kana kukundikana zvachose), zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko akadai sekusagadzikana kwekushanda, kumhanya kusingashande zvakanaka, kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakawanda, kana kusvibiswa kwakawandisa kwemhepo.
Basa guru remuchina wemotokari wekuongorora mhepo nderekuyera huwandu hwemhepo inopinzwa muinjini panguva chaiyo uye kushandura data kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chinotumirwa kukombiyuta yemotokari (ECU), kuti ikwanise kudzora huwandu hwemafuta anopinda, zvichiita kuti pave nechiyero chakanaka chemusanganiswa wemafuta. Izvi zvinotevera tsananguro yakadzama yemabasa ayo chaiwo uye mashandisirwo ayo:
Basa guru remuchina wekuyeresa kuyerera kwemhepo
Kuyera huwandu hwemhepo inopinda: Kana yakaiswa papombi inopinda pakati pefirita yemhepo ne throttle body, inoona zvakananga huwandu kana huremu hwemhepo inopinda muinjini.
Kushandurwa kweSignali: Inoshandura data rekufamba kwemhepo kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi (senge shanduko yemagetsi), ichichitumira kuECU sehwaro hwekutanga hwekuverenga mafuta.
Mhinduro ine simba: Inopindura nekukurumidza (≤10ms) kune akasiyana mamiriro ekushanda akadai sekusashanda uye kumhanyisa, zvichiita kuti data rishande panguva chaiyo.
Mashandisirwo makuru
Kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta:
ECU inoverenga huwandu hwemafuta anoshandiswa pakufambisa mafuta zvichibva pachiratidzo chemhepo, ichidzivirira kusanganiswa kwemafuta akawanda (kutambisa mafuta) kana asina simba rakawanda (simba risina kukwana), zvichivandudza kuchengetedza mafuta. Semuenzaniso: panguva yekutyaira uchimhanya zvakanyanya, inonyatsoenderana nehuwandu hwemafuta emhepo kuti ideredze kushandiswa kwemafuta.
Kuvimbisa kushanda kweinjini:
Inochengetedza simba rinobuda zvakanaka, ichidzivirira kushanduka-shanduka kwesimba, kushaya simba kwekumhanya, kana kuburitswa kweutsi hutema.
Zvikanganiso (zvakadai sezviratidzo zvisina kujairika) zvinokonzeresa kodhi yekukanganisa (semuenzaniso, P0100) muECU, zvichikonzera kushanda zvisina kujairika kweinjini.
Kutsigira kuburitswa kwemhepo inosvibisa nharaunda:
Inodzora kupisa nemazvo kuderedza kuburitswa kwemagasi anokuvadza (senge carbon monoxide).
Nei zvichikosha
Zvimwe zvisingashande: Kana chiyereso chemhepo chakakanganisika, ECU haigone kuwana data rehuwandu hwemhepo inopinda uye inogona kungovimba nemapurogiramu ekuchengetedza (akadai sekufungidzira zvichibva pakumanikidzwa kwemhepo inopinda), asi kururama kunoderera neanopfuura 30%, zvichikonzera zvikanganiso.
Kushanda pamwe chete nemasensa akawanda: Inoshanda pamwe chete nemasensa ekupisa kwemvura, masensa eokisijeni, nezvimwewo, kugadzirisa zvakakwana nzira yekupinza mafuta.
Chiyero chemuchina wekufambisa mweya (air flow meter) chinhu chakakosha muhurongwa hwekutarisira injini, chine basa rekuyera huwandu hwemhepo muinjini uye kushandura data kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chinotumirwa kuyuniti yekudzora electronic (ECU) kuti pave nekuverenga nguva chaiyo yekuisa mafuta uye nguva yekupisa.
Kana chiyereso chemhepo chikatadza kushanda, chinokonzera kusawirirana pakati pemafuta nemhepo, zvichikonzera matambudziko akawanda ekushanda kwemotokari.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvekukanganisa zvinosanganisira:
Kusagadzikana kusina basa uye kumhanya kushoma: Kutsauka muchiratidzo chemuchina wekuyeresa kufamba kwemhepo kunoita kuti ECU isakwanise kugadzirisa vhoriyamu yekuisa mafuta nemazvo, zvichikonzera kuzununguka kweinjini painenge isina kushanda, kumhanya kuchichinja-chinja, kana kumira nguva nenguva; panguva yekumhanyisa, simba rinobuda zvishoma nezvishoma, nekupindura kunononoka. Kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafuta uye kuburitswa kweutsi kusingawanzoitiki: Kusaenderana kwehuwandu hwekuisa mafuta uye vhoriyamu chaiyo yekudya zvinogona kukonzera musanganiswa wakawandisa uye kupisa mafuta kusina kukwana, zvichiratidza kuwedzera kukuru kwekushandiswa kwemafuta, utsi hutema hunobva mupombi yekuburitsa utsi, uye kuwedzera kwekubudisa zvinhu zvinokuvadza.
Mwenje wekutadza kweinjini unobatidzwa: Kana ECU ikaona zviratidzo zvisina kujairika (zvakadai semakodhi ekutadza P0100-P0103), ichatanga chiedza chekunyevera, zvichiratidza kuti sensor yakundikana.
Kuoma kwekutanga uye matambudziko ekutyaira uchimhanya zvakanyanya: Kutanga kutonhora kana kudziya kunogona kukonzera kuoma kwekutanga nekuda kwehuwandu husina kunaka hwemusanganiswa; kune mamwe mamodheru, kubuda kwechiratidzo chisina kururama pakumhanya kunodarika 120 km/awa kuchawedzera mamiriro acho ezvinhu, zvichikonzera kuzununguka kweinjini kana kumira, izvo zvinokanganisa kuchengetedzeka panguva yekutyaira uchimhanya zvakanyanya.
Zvikonzero zvezvikanganiso uye migumisiro inogona kuitika: Kukundikana kwemuchina wekuongorora mhepo kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekusakara kwechinhu che sensor, kushomeka kwedunhu, kana kubuda kwemvura. Kusateerera nyaya iyi kwenguva yakareba kunogona kukonzera carbon deposits mu camera yekupisa, kukuvara kwe three-way catalytic converter, uye mamwe matambudziko echeni, kuwedzera kusakara kweinjini uye kuderedza kuvimbika kwese.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
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