Basa guru remusangano wepiston
Muhurongwa hwekushanda kweinjini yemotokari, "triangle yesimbi" inoumbwa nemapiston, mhete dzepiston, uye mapiston piston ndiyo nzvimbo huru yekufambisa simba.
Pistoni inogona kuonekwa se "power converter" yeinjini. Inokwanisa kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kukuru kubva kumagasi ekupisa ari mu cylinder uye inotumira simba kuburikidza nepiston pin kuenda kutsvimbo yekubatanidza, zvichizopedzisira zvaita kuti crankshaft itenderere uye ichishandura simba remakemikari remafuta kuita simba remagetsi rekufambisa mota. Panguva imwe chete, pamusoro pepistoni nemusoro we cylinder, madziro e cylinder zvinoumba imba yekupisa, zvichipa nzvimbo yekupiswa kwemafuta zvakanaka uye zvichibvumirawo pistoni kupedzisa matanho matatu ekubatsira ekupinda, kudzvanya, uye kuburitsa mvura pasi petsvimbo yekubatanidza, zvichiita kuti injini ishande zvakanaka.
Mhete yepiston ndiyo "muchengeti wemabasa akawanda" weinjini, yakakamurwa kuita mhete dzemhepo nemhete dzemafuta. Mhete yemhepo ine basa rekuvhara imba yekupisa necrankcase, kudzivirira kubuda kwegasi rinopisa zvakanyanya uye rinomanikidzwa zvakanyanya, uye kuendesa 70%-80% yekupisa kubva pamusoro pepiston kuenda kumadziro esilinda, iyo inozobviswa nesystem yekutonhodza kudzivirira kukuvara kwepiston nekuda kwekupisa zvakanyanya. Mhete yemafuta yakaita se "lubricant manager", ichikwenya mafuta akawandisa pamadziro esilinda kuti isapinde mukamuri yekupisa uye ichikonzera "kupisa kwemafuta", uye panguva imwe chete ichigadzira firimu remafuta rakafanana pamadziro esilinda kuti ideredze kukweshana nekupfeka pakati pepiston nemadziro esilinda. Pamusoro pezvo, mhete yepiston inogona kupa rutsigiro kupiston kudzivirira kurovera zvakananga nemadziro esilinda uye kuderedza ruzha rwekumhanya uye kudedera.
Pini yepiston i "bhiriji remagetsi" rinobatanidza piston netsvimbo yekubatanidza, iyo inofambisa zvakanaka kumanikidzwa kwegasi kunotakurwa nepiston kuenda kutsvimbo yekubatanidza kuti ishandurwe kubva pakufamba kwepiston kuenda kukufamba kwetsvimbo yekubatanidza. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekugoverwa kwakafanana kwesimba, vazhinji vanoshandisa kuiswa kwakazara, zvichibvumira pini yepiston kutenderera zvishoma nezvishoma mukati mechigaro chepini yepiston uye bhandi diki remusoro wetsvimbo yekubatanidza, zvichiita kuti kupfeka kuve kwakafanana; mamwe mamodheru anoshandisa kuiswa kwehafu-floating, achigadzirisa pini yepiston nemusoro mudiki wetsvimbo yekubatanidza nemabhaudhi, zvichikonzera chimiro chakamanikana.
Zvikanganiso zvakajairika uye zviratidzo
Kuungana kwepiston kunoshanda kwenguva yakareba pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye mamiriro ekukweshana kwakanyanya, uye kunowanzoita zvikanganiso zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichikanganisa zvakananga mashandiro einjini.
Mhete yepiston ine mukana wekukundikana zvakanyanya, uye kupera kwayo ndiro dambudziko rinowanzoitika. Kukweshana kwenguva refu uye kupisa kwakanyanya kuchaita kuti musiyano uripo pakati pemhete yepiston nemadziro esirinda uwedzere, zvichideredza kushanda kwekuvhara, zvichikonzera simba reinjini risina kukwana, kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakakwira, uye kunyange chiitiko che "kupisa mafuta" apo pombi yekubuda mumhepo inoburitsa utsi hwebhuruu. Kana mhete yepiston ikabatwa nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwekabhoni kana kurasikirwa nekusimba kwayo, inokonzerawo kuchinja-chinja kwekumanikidzwa kwesirinda, zvichikonzera kuzununguka kusingashande, kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwecrankcase, nezvimwe zvinetso. Mhete yepiston yakatyoka yakatonyanya kuipa, nechidimbu chemhete chakatyoka chingangokwenya madziro esirinda, zvichikonzera kubatwa kwesirinda uye kudzivirira injini kuti isashande.
Kukundikana kwepini yepiston kunonyanya kuoneka seruzha uye kusakara kusingawanzoitiki. Kana pini yepiston nemusoro mudiki wetsvimbo yekubatanidza kana gomba rechigaro chepiston zvasakara zvakanyanya uye paine mukaha, injini inoburitsa ruzha rwakajeka uye runonzwika panguva isina chinhu, uye ruzha runowedzera kana ruchimhanya. Kana mafuta asina kunaka, pini yepiston ichakukurwawo, zvichikonzera kusabatana zvakanaka pakati penzvimbo dzinobatana uye ruzha rusina kunaka; zvakanyanya, pini yepiston inogona kuneta uye kupwanyika, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwepiston, zvichitoboora silinda block.
Zvikanganiso zvepiston pachayo zvinosanganisira kupisa pamusoro, kupera kweskirt, uye kubatwa necylinder. Piston top, kana yakabatwa negasi rinopisa zvakanyanya uye rinomanikidzwa kwenguva yakareba, inowanzova nemakomba kana kuputika, zvichikanganisa mashandiro ekuvhara kwekamuri rinopisa, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwesimba reinjini. Kupera kweskirt kuchawedzera musiyano uripo pakati pepiston nemadziro esilinda, zvichiparadza kugadzikana kwefirimu remafuta, uye kuwedzera kupera uye kubuda kwegasi. Kubatwa necylinder inyaya yakanyanya yekukundikana kwepiston necylinder liner kushanda pamwe chete, kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekubviswa kwecylinder zvisina musoro, kutadza kwesystem yekutonhodza, kana kusakwana kwemafuta ekuzora, zvichikonzera kukwenya kwecylinder liner, kutadza kupisa kweinjini, uye kutonyanya kupinza simba reinjini.
Kuongororwa kwezvikanganiso uye nzira dzekuzvigadzirisa nadzo
Kana paine zvikanganiso pakuumbwa kwepiston, kuongororwa nekugadziriswa kwayo nenguva ndizvo zvakakosha pakuona kuti injini icharamba ichishanda kwenguva refu.
Kana mhete yepiston ikakundikana, kuongorora kwemukati ne endoscope kunogona kushandiswa kuona carbon deposits pamusoro pepiston uye bvunzo dzekumanikidza kweringi kana cylinder zvinogona kuitwa. Kana kumanikidzwa kwecylinder kuri kwakajairika asi kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakanyanya, zvingangoita kuti kuvharwa kweringi yepiston kwakundikana. Kana carbon deposits diki dzichikonzera kunamira zvishoma, kuwedzera piston ring release agent kunogona kuyedzwa. Kana yakasakara zvakanyanya kana kutyoka, mhete dzepiston dzinofanira kutsiviwa. Muzviitiko zvinodiwa, mamiriro ekusakara kwepiston necylinder liner anofanirawo kuongororwa panguva imwe chete.
Ruzha rusina kujairika runobva papiston pin runogona kuonekwa kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwekudzimwa kwemoto: kana ruzha rukadzikira kana kunyangarika mushure mekunge moto wadzimwa, runowanzo kukonzerwa nepiston yakatyoka; kana ruzha rwacho rukava nenyonganyonga, runogona kunge rwuri nekuda kwekubuda kwakawandisa. Pakugadzirisa naro, piston yakasakara inofanira kutsiviwa, uye mamiriro ekusakara ekubatanidza tsvimbo neburi rechigaro chepiston pin zvinofanirawo kuongororwa. Kana zvichidikanwa, kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa kunofanira kuitwa.
Kuongororwa kwezvikanganiso zvepiston kunoda kutongwa kwakazara zvichibva pazviratidzo. Semuenzaniso, utsi hwebhuruu hunobva mupombi yekubuda mumhepo hunogona kuratidza kusakara kwepiston ring kana kuti piston ichidhonza silinda liner. Kana simba reinjini rikadzikira pamwe nekumanikidzwa kwemukamuri yekupisa kusina kujairika, zvinodikanwa kutarisa kukuvara kwekutsva pamusoro pepiston. Kana piston yave yakakuvara zvakanyanya, yapfekwa paskirt, kana kuti yabviswa musilinda, zvinowanzodiwa kuti piston itsiviwe, uye zvikonzero zvekukanganisa kwemasisitimu ekutonhodza nemafuta zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kuti zvisadzokorore.
Munguva yekugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva, kutsiva mafuta einjini emhando yepamusoro nguva dzose, kuchengetedza sefa yemhepo yakachena, uye kudzivirira kushanda kwenguva refu kunogona kuderedza kupera kwezvikamu zvepiston uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kweinjini.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yakazvipira kutengesa MG&MAXUSzvikamu zvemota zvinogamuchirwa Kutenga.
