Chii chinonzi thermostat?
Vanodzora tembiricha vane mazita akasiyana-siyana, akadai semaswichi ekudzivirira tembiricha, vanodzivirira tembiricha uye vanodzora tembiricha. Zvichienderana nepfungwa yekushanda, inogona kukamurwa kuita thermostat yerudzi rwejump, thermostat yerudzi rweliquid, thermostat yerudzi rwepressure uye thermostat yerudzi rweelectronic. Mumidziyo yemazuva ano yekudzora maindasitiri, thermostat yedhijitari ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Zvichienderana nechimiro, munodzora tembiricha anogona kukamurwa kuita muchina wekutonga tembiricha wakabatanidzwa uye muchina wekutonga tembiricha wemodular.
Chii chinonzi thermometers?
Muviri unoyera tembiricha chinhu chinoshandura chiratidzo chetembiricha kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, uye chinowanzoiswa muchikamu chekuona chinhu chinodzorwa kuti chitarise kukosha kwacho kwetembiricha. Mubasa rekudzora maindasitiri, mathermometer anoshandiswa kazhinji anosanganisira mathermocouples, mathermal resistors, mathermistors uye ma non-contact sensors. Pakati pawo, matatu ekutanga mathermometers ekubatana.
1. Thermocouple
Nheyo yekuyera tembiricha yemathermocouples yakavakirwa paSeebeck effect (thermoelectric effect). Kana simbi mbiri dzezvinhu zvakasiyana (kazhinji maconductor kana semiconductors, dzakadai seplatinum-rhodium, nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon nezvimwe zvinhu zvakabatana) dzichigadzira loop yakavharwa uye dzinoisa tembiricha dzakasiyana kumagumo adzo maviri anobatanidza, simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa pakati pesimbi mbiri. Loop yakadaro inonzi "thermocouple," nepo simbi mbiri dzichinzi "thermal electrode," uye simba remagetsi rinobuda rinonzi "thermoelectric motivation force." Mathermocouples anozivikanwa nekuyera kwawo tembiricha yakakura, kukurumidza kupisa, uye kuramba kwakasimba kwekutenderera.
2. Kudzivirira kupisa
Kudzivirira kupisa chinhu chinoshandura chiratidzo chekupisa kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, uye musimboti wacho unoshanda zvakanyanya kubva pahunhu hwekuchinja kwekudzivirira kwesimbi nekupisa. Zvikuru, zvinodzivirira kupisa zvinoshandisa hunhu uhwu hwesimbi kuyera tembiricha.
Mukutonga kwemaindasitiri, mhando dzinowanzo shandiswa dzekudzivirira kupisa dzinosanganisira platinum, copper uye nickel. Pakati padzo, kudzivirira platinum ndiko kunonyanya kushandiswa. Kudzivirira kupisa kune hunhu hwemutsara wakanaka wekupisa, kushanda kwakagadzikana uye kunyatsojeka mumunda wekupisa kwakajairika. Naizvozvo, munzvimbo yekushandisa tembiricha iri pakati nepakati, pasina kudedera uye zvinodiwa zvekunyatsojeka, kushandiswa kwekudzivirira platinum kunowanzo shandiswa.
3. Thermistor
Thermistor chinhu chinoshandura chiratidzo chekupisa kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, uye musimboti wayo wekushanda unonyanya kuenderana nehunhu hwesimba re semiconductor richichinja nekupisa. Kunyanya, ma thermistors anoshandisa hunhu uhwu hwema semiconductors kuyera tembiricha. Zvichienzaniswa nesimba rekupisa, simba re thermistor rinochinja zvakanyanya nekuchinja kwetembiricha, saka chiyero chayo chekuyera tembiricha chakamanikana (-50~350℃).
Mathermistori akakamurwa kuita maNTC thermistori nePTC thermistori. MaNTC thermistori ane negative temperature coefficient, uye resistance value yavo inoderera sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera. PTC thermistor ine positive temperature coefficient, uye resistance value yayo inokwira nekuwedzera kwetembiricha. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana hwe resistance temperature, thermistor ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana mukuona tembiricha, automatic control, electronic devices nedzimwe nzvimbo.
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