Poto yemafuta.
Pani yemafuta ndiyo hafu yepasi pe crankcase, inozivikanwawo se crankcase yepasi. Basa nderekuvhara crankcase seganda retangi rekuchengetera mafuta, kudzivirira tsvina kuti isapinde, uye kuunganidza nekuchengetedza mafuta ekuzora achidzoka kubva pamusoro pekukweshana kweinjini yedhiziri, kubvisa kupisa, uye kudzivirira okisijeni yemafuta ekuzora.
Oil Sump iri pasi peinjini: inobviswa uye inovhara crankcase senzvimbo yekuisa tangi reoiri. Hari yeoiri inonyanya kugadzirwa nesimbi yakatetepa, uye chimiro chayo chakaoma chinowanzo kuve simbi yakakandwa kana aruminiyamu. Chinogadzirisa oiri mukati memota chinoiswa kudzivirira kuvhunduka kwemafuta kunokonzerwa nekupwanyika kwemafuta muinjini yedhiziri, izvo zvinoita kuti mafuta asanyorove, uye parutivi payo pane gauge yeoiri yekutarisa huwandu hweoiri. Pamusoro pezvo, chikamu chepazasi chepazasi pehari yeoiri chinewo chivharo chekudhonza oiri.
rudzi rwemvura
Mota zhinji dziri pamusika dzinonzi wet oil sump, chikonzero nei dzichinzi wet oil sump ndechekuti crankshaft crank ne connecting rod head yeinjini zvichanyudzwa mumafuta ekuzora emafuta kamwe chete kana crankshaft yatenderera, zvichiita basa rekuzora, uye nekuda kwekushanda kwe crankshaft nekukurumidza, nguva imwe neimwe crank painonyudzwa mudziva remafuta nekumhanya kukuru, inomutsa mamwe maruva emafuta nemafuta. Kuzora crankshaft ne bearing kunonzi splash lubrication. Nenzira iyi, kukwirira kwemvura kwemafuta ekuzora mupani yemafuta kune zvimwe zvinodiwa, kana zvakaderera zvakanyanya, crankshaft crank ne connecting rod head hazvigone kunyudzwa mumafuta ekuzora, zvichikonzera kushomeka kwekuzora uye crankshaft yakatsetseka ne connecting rod ne bearing shell; Kana huwandu hwemafuta ekuzora hwakanyanya, huchaita kuti mabheyaringi anyure, zvekuti kuramba kutenderera kwecrankshaft kunowedzera, uye pakupedzisira kunotungamira kudzikira kwekushanda kweinjini, nepo mafuta ekuzora ari nyore kupinda mukamuri rekupisa cylinder, zvichikonzera kupisa kwemafuta einjini, kuunganidzwa kwecarbon plug nezvimwe zvinetso.
Nzira iyi yekuzora mafuta iri nyore uye haidi rimwe tangi remafuta, asi kurereka kwemotokari hakufaniri kunge kwakakura zvakanyanya, zvikasadaro kuchakonzera tsaona yesirinda inotsva nekuda kwekuputsika kwemafuta uye kubuda kwemafuta.
rudzi rwakaoma
Masump akaoma anoshandiswa muinjini dzakawanda dzemotokari dzemujaho. Haachengete mafuta mupani yemafuta, kana kuti, hapana pani yemafuta. Nzvimbo idzi dzinofamba dziri mu crankcase dzinozorwa mafuta nekudzvanya mafuta nepaburi remuchina wekuyera. Nekuti injini yepani yemafuta yakaoma inodzima basa repani yemafuta rekuchengetedza mafuta, kukwirira kwepani yemafuta asina kuchena kunodzikira zvikuru, kukwirira kweinjini kunodzikirawo, uye kubatsira kwepakati pezasi pegiravhiti kunobatsira kudzora. Chinhu chikuru ndechekudzivirira kuitika kwepani yemafuta yakanyorova inokonzerwa nekutyaira zvakanyanya uye mhando dzese dzezviitiko zvakaipa.
Zvisinei, nekuti kumanikidzwa kwemafuta ekuzora kunobva kupombi yemafuta. Simba repombi yemafuta rinobatanidzwa negiya kuburikidza nekutenderera kwecrankshaft. Kunyangwe iri muinjini yesump yakanyorova, pombi yemafuta inodiwawo kuti ipe mafuta ekuzora ecamshaft. Asi kumanikidzwa uku kudiki kwazvo, uye pombi yemafuta inoda simba shoma. Zvisinei, mumainjini epaipi yemafuta akaoma, simba remafuta ekuzora aya rinofanira kunge rakakura zvikuru. Uye saizi yepombi yemafuta yakakura kupfuura yeinjini yepaipi yemafuta yakanyorova. Saka panguva ino pombi yemafuta inoda simba rakawanda. Izvi zvakafanana neinjini ine supercharged, pombi yemafuta inofanira kushandisa chikamu chesimba reinjini. Kunyanya pakumhanya kwakanyanya, kumhanya kweinjini kunowedzera, simba rekufamba kwezvikamu zvekukakavara rinowedzera, uye mafuta ekuzora anodiwawo, saka pombi yemafuta inofanira kupa kumanikidzwa kukuru, uye kushandiswa kwesimba recranshaft kunowedzera.
Zviri pachena kuti dhizaini yakadaro haina kukodzera injini dzemotokari dzevanhuwo zvavo, nekuti inoda kurasikirwa nechikamu chesimba reinjini, izvo zvisingangokanganisi simba rinobuda chete, asiwo hazvibatsiri mukuvandudza hupfumi. Saka ma "dry sumps" anowanikwa chete pamainjini ane simba guru kana ane simba guru, akadai seaya akavakirwa kutyaira zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, Lamborghini imhando ye "dry oil pan design", iyo inowedzera muganho we lubrication effect uye kuwana nzvimbo yakaderera yegiravhiti inonyanya kukosha, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba kunogona kugadziriswa nekuwedzera displacement nezvimwe zvinhu, sehupfumi, iyi modhi haifanirwe kufungwa nezvayo.
Pombi yekuisa mafuta mujenareta yedhiziri chikamu chakakosha chehurongwa hwekupa mafuta hwejenareta yedhiziri. Mamiriro ayo ekushanda anokanganisa zvakananga simba, kuchengetedza uye kuvimbika kwejenareta yedhiziri. Kugadzirisa kwakakodzera chinhu chakakosha kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti pombi yekuisa mafuta mujenareta yedhiziri inoshanda zvakanaka uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwayo. "Zvinhu gumi" zvinotevera zvinokudzidzisa maitiro ekuchengetedza pombi yekuisa mafuta mujenareta yedhiziri:
Chekutanga, kuchengetedza zvakanaka zvinhu zvinoshandisa pombi yejekiseni.
Chifukidziro cheparutivi pepombi, dipstick, fuel plug (muchina wekufema), oil overflow valve, oil pool plug, oil plane screw, oil plane pump fixing bolt, nezvimwewo, kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti haina kukuvadzwa, zvishandiso izvi zvine basa rakakosha pakushanda kwepombi yekuisa mafuta. Semuenzaniso, chifukidziro cheparutivi chinogona kudzivirira kupinda kweguruva, mvura nezvimwe tsvina, respirator (ine filter) inogona kudzivirira kuora kwemafuta zvinobudirira, uye oil overflow valve inoita kuti system yemafuta ive nekumanikidzwa kwakati pasina kupinda mumhepo. Saka, zvakakosha kusimbisa kuchengetedza zvishandiso izvi, uye kuona kuti kukuvara kana kurasikirwa kunofanira kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa nenguva.
Chechipiri, zvakakosha kugara uchitarisa kana huwandu hwemafuta ari mupombi yemafuta inopinzwa mafuta uye hunhu hwayo zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa.
Nguva imwe neimwe isati yatanga, jenareta yedhiziri inofanira kutarisa huwandu hwemafuta ari mupombi yekuisa jekiseni uye hunhu hwayo (kunze kwepombi yekuisa jekiseni inomanikidzwa kuzorwa neinjini), kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hwemafuta hwakakwana uye hunhu hwakanaka, kana mafuta acho akashata nekuda kwekusanganiswa nemvura kana dhiziri, chiedza chichakonzera kupera kweplunger nevharuvhu yekuburitsa mafuta, zvichikonzera simba risina kukwana reinjini yedhiziri uye kuoma kutanga. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, zvichakonzera ngura nengura yeplunger nevharuvhu yekuburitsa mafuta. Nekuda kwekubuda kwemafuta mupombi yemafuta, kushanda zvisina kunaka kwevharuvhu yekuburitsa mafuta, kupera kwetappet negoko repombi yemafuta, uye kukuvara kwerin'i yekuvharira, mafuta edhiziri achadonhedza mafuta mudziva remafuta uye kusvibisa mafuta, saka anofanira kutsiviwa nenguva zvichienderana nehunhu hwemafuta, uye dziva remafuta rinofanira kucheneswa zvakanaka kana ratsiviwa, uye tsvina yakaita sematope ari pasi pedziva remafuta ichabviswa, zvikasadaro mafuta achaora munguva pfupi. Huwandu hwemafuta hahugoni kuva hwakawanda kana hushoma, mafuta akawandisa mugavhuna, zviri nyore kuita kuti injini yedhiziri "ibhururuke", mafuta mashoma achaita kuti mafuta asanyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka, anofanira kunge akavakirwa paruler yemafuta kana sikuruu yendege yemafuta. Uyezve, kana injini yedhiziri isingashandiswe kwenguva yakareba, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa kana paine mvura, dhiziri nezvimwe tsvina mudziva remafuta epombi yemafuta, kana zvichizotsiviwa nekukasika, zvikasadaro nekuda kwekuchengetwa kwenguva refu, mvura iri nyore kuita kuti plunger iite ngura, zvikamu zvekubatanidza mafuta zvevharuvhu yemafuta zvinopera nengura uye zvife.
Chechitatu, tinofanira kugara tichitarisa nekugadzirisa mafuta ari musirindiri yega yega yepombi yejekiseni.
Nekuda kwekusakara kwe plunger coupling uye oil valve coupling, kubuda kwemukati kwediziri kuchaita kuti oil supply ye silinda yega yega iderere kana kuti isaenzane, zvichikonzera kuoma kwekutanga kweinjini yediziri, kushaya simba, kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafuta, uye kusagadzikana kwekushanda. Saka, zvakakosha kutarisa nekugadzirisa oil supply ye silinda yega yega ye injection pombi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti injini yediziri ine simba. Pakushandisa chaiko, huwandu hweoiri hunopihwa ne silinda yega yega hunogona kuonekwa nekuona utsi hwe exhaust ye diesel generator, kuteerera ruzha rweinjini, uye kubata exhaust manifold tembiricha.
Chechina, kushandisa machubhu akajairika ane simba repamusoro.
Pombi yekuisa mafuta mumafuta, nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwemafuta edhiziri, kusimba kwemachubhu ane pressure yakakwira, dhiziri rine pressure yakakwira rinoita shanduko dzepressure muchubhu, kutamiswa kwemafungu epressure muchubhu kunotora nguva yakati, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti nguva yekupihwa kwemafuta ecylinder Angle inoenderana, kuwanikwa kwemafuta kwakafanana, injini yedhiziri inoshanda zvakanaka, kureba nedhayamita yemachubhu ane pressure yakakwira zvinosarudzwa mushure mekuverenga. Naizvozvo, kana chubhu ine pressure yakakwira yecylinder yakakuvara, chubhu ine urefu nedhayamita yakajairika inofanira kutsiviwa. Mukushandiswa chaiko, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemachubhu akajairwa, shandisa mamwe machubhu panzvimbo pekufunga kana kureba kwechubhu nedhayamita yepombi zvakafanana, kuitira kuti kureba kwechubhu nedhayamita yepombi zvakasiyana zvikuru, kunyangwe ichigona kushandiswa panguva yekukurumidzira, asi zvichatungamira mukuchinja kweAngle yekupa mafuta nehuwandu hwemafuta ecylinder pachine nguva, zvichikonzera kushanda kusina kuenzana kwemuchina wese, saka mukushandiswa kunofanira kushandisa chubhu ine pressure yakajairika.
5, kugara uchitarisa kuvharwa kwevharuvhu.
Pombi yekuisa jekiseni inoshanda kwenguva yakati, uye nekutarisa mamiriro ekuvhara vharuvhu yeoiri, kusakara kweplunger nemamiriro ekushanda kwepombi yeoiri zvinogona kutariswa zviri nyore, izvo zvinobatsira pakusarudza nzira yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa. Munguva yekuongorora, sunungura pombi yekuisa jekiseni ine simba repamusoro yesirinji yega yega wobva waisa oiri nepombi yepombi yemafuta, kuitira kuti mafuta abude mupombi yekuisa jekiseni pamusoro pepombi yekuisa jekiseni, izvo zvinoratidza kuti chisimbiso chevharuvhu yeoiri chakashata (zvechokwadi, sekunge chitubu chevharuvhu yeoiri chatyoka), sekunge chisimbiso chisina kunaka chemasilinda akawanda, unofanirwa kugadzirisa pombi yekuisa jekiseni zvakanaka woitsiva.
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida suzvigadzirwa zve ch.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yakazvipira kutengesa zvikamu zvemota zveMG&MAUXS zvinogamuchirwa kutenga.
