Chii chinonzi mita yekuyerera kwemhepo yemota
Chinoongorora kufamba kwemhepo, chinozivikanwawo semuchina wemagetsi unoshandiswa pakufambisa mafuta, chimwe chezvinoongorora zvakakosha mumainjini emagetsi anoshandiswa pakuisa mafuta. Chinoshandura kufamba kwemhepo inofemedzwa kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi uye chinochitumira kuyuniti yekudzora mafuta (ECU), iyo inoshanda seimwe yezviratidzo zvekutanga pakuona kuiswa kwemafuta uye inyanzvi yekuyera kufamba kwemhepo inofemedzwa muinjini.
Pamudziyo wekuisa mafuta unodzorwa nemagetsi, sensor inoyera huwandu hwemhepo inofemerwa neinjini, kureva sensor yekuyerera kwemhepo, chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinosarudza kururama kwekudzora kwesystem. Kana kururama kwekudzora kwehuwandu hwemhepo-mafuta (A/F) yemhepo nemusanganiswa unosvetwa neinjini kwatsanangurwa se ±1.0, kukanganisa kunobvumirwa kwesystem kunova ± 6% kusvika 7%. Kana kukanganisa uku kunobvumidzwa kukagoverwa kune chimwe nechimwe chikamu chesystem, kukanganisa kunobvumidzwa kwe sensor yekuyerera kwemhepo kunova ± 2% kusvika 3%.
Chiyero chemhepo inosvika painjini yepeturu, max/min, i40 kusvika 50 musystem inofefeterwa naturally uye 60 kusvika 70 musystem ine turbocharged. Mukati meiyi range, sensor yemhepo inofanira kukwanisa kuchengetedza kuyera kwakarurama kwe±2 kusvika 3[%]. Sensor yemhepo inoshandiswa muchinhu chinopinzwa mafuta nemagetsi haifanirwe kungochengetedza kuyera kwakarurama munzvimbo yakakura yekuyera, asiwo kuve nemhinduro yakanaka yekuyera, inokwanisa kuyera kuyerera kwemhepo kunofamba, uye kugadzirisa chiratidzo chekubuda kunofanira kunge kuri nyore.
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwakasiyana hwesensor yekuyerera kwemhepo, sisitimu yekudzora mafuta yakakamurwa kuita L-type control iyo inoyera zvakananga huwandu hwekupinda uye D-type control iyo inoyera zvisina kunanga huwandu hwekupinda zvichibva panzira yekuyera huwandu hwekupinda. Huwandu hwekupinda hunoyerwa zvisina kunanga zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa kweinjini uye kumhanya kweinjini. MuD-type control mode, microcomputer ROM inochengetedza huwandu hwemhepo inopinda pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana nekumhanya kweinjini uye kumanikidzwa mupombi yekupinda semaparameter. Zvichienderana nekumanikidzwa kwekupinda uye kumhanya kwakayerwa mumamiriro ese ekushanda uye zvichireva huwandu hwemhepo inopinda hunoyeukwa muROM, microcomputer inogona kuverenga kushandiswa kwemafuta. Air flowmeter inoshandiswa muL-type control yakafanana neye general industrial flow sensor. Zvisinei, inogona kuchinjika kumamiriro emota akaomarara, asi inewo chinodiwa chekupindura kune shanduko dzakakomba mukuyerera kana accelerator yakadzvanywa uye chinodiwa chekuona zvakanyatsonaka mumhepo isina kuenzana inokonzerwa nechimiro cheinjini inopinda isati yasvika uye mushure mesensor.
Sisitimu yekutanga yekudzora mafuta yaishandiswa nemagetsi yakanga isingashandise ma microcomputer. Asi, yaive circuit yeanalog. Panguva iyoyo, sensor yemhepo yakaita sevharuvhu yakashandiswa, asi sezvo ma microcomputer aishandiswa pakudzora mafuta, mamwe marudzi akati wandei ema sensor emhepo aishandiswawo.
Maumbirwo e sensor yemhepo inoyerera yerudzi rwevharuvhu.
Sensor yemhepo ine rudzi rwevharuvhu inoiswa painjini yepeturu, pakati pesefa yemhepo nethrottle. Basa rayo nderekuona huwandu hwemhepo inopinda muinjini uye kushandura mhedzisiro yekuona kuita masaini emagetsi, ayo anobva aiswa mu microcomputer. Sensor iyi ine zvikamu zviviri: flowmeter yemhepo ne potentiometer.
Kutanga, ngatitarisei mashandiro anoita sensor yekuyerera kwemhepo. Mhepo inodhonzwa nefirita yemhepo inomhanya ichienda kuvharuvhu. Vharuvhu inomira panzvimbo iyo huwandu hweinopinda hwakaenzana nechitubu chekudzoka. Kureva kuti, chiyero chekuvhura kwevharuvhu chakaenzana zvakananga nehuwandu hweinopinda. Potentiometer inoiswawo pamugodhi unotenderera wevharuvhu. Ruoko runotsvedza rwepotentiometer runotenderera pamwe chete nevharuvhu. Kudonha kwevoltage yekudzivirira kutsvedza kunoshandiswa kushandura chiyero chekuvhura kweplate yekuyera kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, icho chinozopinzwa mudunhu rekudzora.
Sensor yekuyerera kwemhepo yeKaman vortex
Kuti zvikunde zvikanganiso zve sensor yemhepo yerudzi rwevharuvhu, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera huwandu hwekuyera uku uchivimbisa kururama kwekuyera uye kubvisa kutsvedza kwekubatana, sensor diki uye yakareruka yekuyerera kwemhepo, inonzi Karman vortex air flow sensor, yakagadzirwa. Karman vortex chiitiko chepanyama. Nzira yekuona yevortex ne electronic control circuit haina chekuita nekururama kwekuona zvachose. Nzvimbo yemhepo uye shanduko yehukuru hwe vortex generating column ndiyo inosarudza kururama kwekuona. Zvakare, nekuti kubuda kwerudzi urwu rwe sensor chiratidzo chemagetsi (frequency), kana uchiisa masaini kudunhu rekudzora resystem, AD converter inogona kusiiwa. Saka, muchidimbu, Karman vortex air flow sensor chiratidzo chakakodzera kugadzirwa kwe microcomputer. Iyi sensor ine mabhenefiti matatu anotevera: kunyatsoongorora kwakanyanya, kugona kuburitsa masaini emutsetse, uye nyore kugadzirisa masaini; mashandiro ayo haazochinje kunyangwe mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu. Sezvo iri yekuona mwero wekuyerera kwevolumetric, hapana chikonzero chekugadzirisa tembiricha nekumanikidzwa kwemhepo.
Kana Karman vortex yagadzirwa, inochinja nekusiyana kwekumhanya nekumanikidzwa. Nheyo huru yekuona kuyerera ndeyekushandisa shanduko yekumhanya mukati mayo. Zviratidzo zvacho mawave akaenzana uye zviratidzo zvedhijitari. Kana huwandu hweinopinda hukawanda, frequency yeKarman vortex inowedzera, uye frequency yesignali yekubuda kwemhepo inoyerera inowedzera.
Sensor yekuyerera kwemhepo inodziya tembiricha nekumanikidzwa inonyanya kushandiswa pakuyera kuyerera kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mumapaipi eindasitiri, akadai segasi, mvura, utsi, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu zvayo zvinosanganisira kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa kwakaderera, huwandu hwakafara hwekuyera, kunyatsojeka, uye haikanganisike nematanho akadai sekuwanda kwemvura, kumanikidzwa, tembiricha uye viscosity pakuyera huwandu hwekuyerera kwemhepo mumamiriro ekushanda. Hakuna zvikamu zvemakanika zvinofamba, saka zvine kuvimbika kwakanyanya uye hazvidi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya. Maparamita echishandiso anogona kuramba akagadzikana kwenguva yakareba. Chishandiso ichi chinoshandisa masensor ekumanikidzwa epiezoelectric, ayo akavimbika zvikuru uye anogona kushanda mukati mehurefu hwekupisa hwekushanda kubva -10℃ kusvika +300℃. Ine masaini akajairwa eanalog uye digital pulse signals output, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushandiswa pamwe chete nemasisitimu edhijitari akadai semakombiyuta. Ihurefu hwekuyerera hwakanyanya uye hwakakodzera.
Chinhu chikuru chinobatsira pakunzwa kwemhepo ndechekuti chiyero chemidziyo hachikanganisike nehunhu hwechinhu chakayerwa uye chinogona kuwedzerwa kubva kune imwe nzira yakajairika kuenda kune imwe nzira. Zvisinei, nekuda kwemusiyano wakakura muhuwandu hwemvura negasi, huwandu hwema frequency hunosiyanawo zvakanyanya. Muchikamu cheamplifier chekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvemugwagwa, passband yefirita yakasiyana, uye ndizvo zvakaitawo ma circuit parameter. Saka, parameter imwechete yedunhu haigone kushandiswa kuyera ma interface akasiyana.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yakazvipira kutengesa MG&MAXUSzvikamu zvemota zvinogamuchirwa Kutenga.
