Piston mhete.
Piston mhete inoshandiswa kuisa piston groove mukati memhete yesimbi, piston mhete yakakamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: mhete yekumanikidza uye mhete yemafuta. Mhete yekumanikidza inogona kushandiswa kuvhara gasi rinopisa rinopisa mukamuri rinopisa; Iyo mhete yemafuta inoshandiswa kukwenya mafuta akawandisa kubva muhumburumbira. Iyo piston mhete imhando yesimbi elastic mhete ine yakakura yekuwedzera deformation, iyo inounganidzwa muprofile uye inoenderana annular groove. Mhete dzepiston dzinodzorera uye dzinotenderera dzinotsamira pamusiyano wekumanikidzwa kwegasi kana mvura kuti igadzire chisimbiso pakati pedenderedzwa rekunze remhete necylinder uye rimwe divi remhete nemhete groove.
Chikamu chekushandisa
Piston mhete dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi emagetsi, senge injini dzemagetsi, injini dzedhiziri, injini dzepeturu, compressors, hydraulic presses, nezvimwewo, dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari, zvitima, ngarava, yachts zvichingodaro. Kazhinji, mhete yepiston inoiswa mumhete yepiston, uye iyo nepiston, silinda liner, silinda musoro uye zvimwe zvikamu zvekamuri kuita basa.
Piston mhete ndiyo yakakosha chikamu mukati meinjini yemafuta, iyo uye silinda, piston, silinda madziro pamwe chete kupedzisa chisimbiso chemafuta gasi. Injini dzemotokari dzinowanzo shandiswa dzine marudzi maviri einjini dzedhiziri nepeturu, nekuda kwekuita kwavo kwakasiyana kwemafuta, kushandiswa kwemhete dzepiston hakuna kufanana, mhete dzepiston dzekutanga dzinoumbwa nekukanda, asi nekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi, simbi yakakwira-simba. zvindori zvepiston zvakazvarwa, uye nebasa reinjini, zvinodiwa zvezvakatipoteredza zvinoramba zvichivandudzika, zvakasiyana-siyana zvemhando yepamusoro yekurapa kwepamusoro, senge thermal spraying, electroplating, chrome plating, etc. Gasi nitriding, kuiswa kwemuviri, kupfeka kwepamusoro, zinc manganese. phosphating kurapwa, nezvimwewo, inovandudza zvakanyanya basa remhete yepiston.
Piston mhete basa rinosanganisira kuvhara, kudzora mafuta (kudzora mafuta), kupisa conduction (kupisa kupisa), kutungamira (rutsigiro) mabasa mana. Kuisa chisimbiso: kunoreva kuisa chisimbiso gasi, usarega kamuri yekupisa gasi ichidonha kune crankcase, iyo gasi kuvuza kunodzorwa zvishoma, kunatsiridza kupisa kwekupisa. Kudonha kwemhepo hakuzongodzikisi simba rejini, asiwo kuita kuti mafuta awedzere, iro ndiro basa guru remhete yegesi; Gadzirisa mafuta (oiri kutonga): iyo yakawandisa mafuta ekuzora pamadziro ecylinder inobviswa, uye cylinder madziro akafukidzwa nemafuta akaonda firimu kuti ave nechokwadi chekuzora kwakajairika kwecylinder uye piston uye mhete, rinova iro basa guru re mhete yemafuta. Mune injini dzemazuva ano dzepamusoro-soro, kunyanya kukoshesa kunobhadharwa kune basa repiston ring control oil film; Heat conduction: kupisa kwepiston kunoendeswa kune cylinder liner kuburikidza nemhete yepiston, kureva, iyo inotonhorera. Zvinoenderana nedatha yakavimbika, 70 ~ 80% yekupisa yakagamuchirwa nepiston kumusoro kwepiston isina kunyungudutswa inoparadzirwa kuburikidza nepiston mhete kumadziro ecylinder, uye 30 ~ 40% yepiston inotonhorera inoparadzirwa kuburikidza nepiston mhete kune cylinder. wall; Tsigiro: Mhete yepiston inochengeta piston mucylinder, inodzivirira kusangana kwakananga pakati pepiston uye cylinder madziro, inova nechokwadi chekufamba kwakanaka kwepiston, inoderedza kupokana, uye inodzivirira piston kugogodza silinda. Kazhinji, piston yeinjini yepeturu inoshandisa mhete mbiri dzegasi uye mhete imwe yemafuta, nepo injini yedhiziri inowanzoshandisa zvindori zviviri zvemafuta uye mhete imwe yegasi.
Kuzivikanwa kwakanaka uye kwakaipa
Iyo yekushanda yepiston mhete haizove nema nick, zvikweshwa, peeling, silinda yekunze uye yepamusoro uye yepasi yekupedzisira nzvimbo ichave yakagadziriswa kupera, iyo curvature kutsauka haingave yakakura kupfuura 0.02-0.04 mm, iyo yakajairwa subsidence ye mhete mu groove haifaniri kudarika 0.15-0.25 mm, uye elasticity uye kubvumirwa kwepiston ring inosangana nezvinodiwa. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinofanirawo kutarisa kubuda kwechiedza chemhete yepiston, ndiko kuti, mhete yepiston yakati sandara mucylinder, isa mwenje diki pasi pemhete yepiston, isa chidzitiro chechiedza pamusoro, uye wobva waona gaka rekubuda kwechiedza pakati. iyo mhete yepiston uye cylinder wall, iyo inoratidza kana kusangana pakati pepiston mhete uye cylinder wall yakanaka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, mwenje unovuza seam yepiston mhete yakayerwa negeji ukobvu haifanire kudarika 0.03 mm. Kureba kwechiedza chinoramba chichibuda musono hachifanire kunge chakakura kudarika 1/3 ye silinda dhayamita, kureba kwehuwandu hwemagapu ekubuda kwechiedza haafanire kunge akakura kupfuura 1/3 ye silinda dhayamita, uye hurefu hwakazara hwenhamba kudonha kwechiedza hakufanirwe kudarika 1/2 ye cylinder dhayamita, kana zvisina kudaro, inofanira kutsiviwa. Piston mhete yekumaka GB/T 1149.1-94 inotsanangura kuti mhete dzese dzepiston dzinodiwa kuti dzive negwara rekukwira dzichaiswa chiratidzo kudivi rekumusoro, ndiko kuti, parutivi padyo nekamuri yekupisa. Mhete dzakatarwa kudivi repamusoro dzinosanganisira: mhete yekoni, chamfer yemukati, mhete yetafura yekunze, mhete yemhino, mhete yewedge uye mhete yemafuta inoda kugadzwa, uye rutivi rwepamusoro rwemhete rwakamaka.
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