Nzvimbo yekushanda uye musimboti wefeni yekutonhodza yemotokari
1. Kana sensor yekupisa yetangi (chaizvoizvo vharuvhu yekudzora kupisa, kwete sensor yekupisa yemvura) ikaona kuti tembiricha yetangi yadarika chiyero (kazhinji madhigirii 95), fan relay inobata;
2. Dunhu refeni rakabatana kuburikidza nefeni relay, uye mota yefeni inotanga.
3. Kana sensor yekupisa kwetangi remvura ikaona kuti tembiricha yetangi remvura yakaderera pane muganhu, fan relay inoparadzaniswa uye mota yefeni inomira kushanda.
Chinhu chine chekuita nekushanda kwefeni itembiricha yetangi, uye tembiricha yetangi haina chekuita zvakananga netembiricha yemvura yeinjini.
Nzvimbo yekushanda uye musimboti wefeni yekutonhodza mota: sisitimu yekutonhodza mota inosanganisira mhando mbiri.
Kutonhodza kwemvura uye kutonhodza kwemhepo. Sisitimu yekutonhodza yemotokari inotonhodza mvura inotenderera mvura kuburikidza nemapaipi nemachaneli ari muinjini. Kana mvura ichiyerera kuburikidza neinjini inopisa, inotora kupisa uye inotonhodza injini. Mushure mekunge mvura yapfuura nemuinjini, inotsaudzirwa kune chinochinja kupisa (kana radiator), umo kupisa kubva mumvura kunopararira mumhepo. Kutonhodza kwemhepo Dzimwe mota dzekare dzaishandisa tekinoroji yekutonhodza mhepo, asi mota dzemazuva ano hadzishandise nzira iyi zvakanyanya. Panzvimbo pekutenderedza mvura kuburikidza neinjini, nzira iyi yekutonhodza inoshandisa machira earuminiyamu akabatanidzwa pamusoro pemasilinda einjini kuti atonhodze. Mafeni ane simba anofemera mhepo mumachira earuminiyamu, achibvisa kupisa mumhepo isina chinhu, izvo zvinotonhodza injini. Nekuti mota zhinji dzinoshandisa kutonhodza kwemvura, mota dze ductwork dzine mapaipi akawanda musystem yadzo yekutonhodza.
Mushure mekunge pombi yaendesa mvura kuinjini block, mvura inotanga kuyerera nemunzira dzeinjini dzakatenderedza silinda. Mvura yacho inobva yadzokera kuthermostat ichienda nemusoro wesilinda yeinjini, uko inoyerera ichibuda muinjini. Kana thermostat ikadzima, mvura yacho inoyerera ichidzokera zvakananga kupombi kuburikidza nemapaipi akatenderedza thermostat. Kana thermostat ikavhurwa, mvura yacho inotanga kuyerera ichipinda muradiator yozodzokera mupombi.
Sisitimu yekudziisa inewo kutenderera kwakasiyana. Kutenderera uku kunotanga mumusoro we cylinder uye kunopa mvura kuburikidza ne heater bellows isati yadzokera kupombi. Kune mota dzine automatic transmissions, kazhinji pane nzira yakasiyana yekutenderera kutonhodza oiri ye transmission yakavakirwa mu radiator. Oiri ye transmission inopombwa ne transmission kuburikidza neimwe heat exchanger iri mu radiator. Mvura iyi inogona kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekupisa kubva pasi pe zero degrees Celsius kusvika pamusoro pe 38 degrees Celsius.
Saka, chero mvura inoshandiswa kutonhodza injini inofanira kunge iine poindi yekuomesa yakaderera, poindi yekuomesa yakanyanya, uye inokwanisa kunwisa kupisa kwakasiyana-siyana. Mvura ndeimwe yemvura inoshanda zvakanyanya kunwisa kupisa, asi poindi yekuomesa mvura yakanyanya kukwira zvekuti haikwani kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo emainjini emotokari. Mvura inoshandiswa nemotokari zhinji musanganiswa wemvura ne ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), inozivikanwawo se coolant. Nekuwedzera ethylene glycol mumvura, poindi yekuomesa inogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya uye poindi yekuomesa yakaderedzwa.
Nguva dzese injini painoshanda, pombi inotenderera mvura. Sezvinoita pombi dze centrifugal dzinoshandiswa mumotokari, pombi painotenderera, inopomba mvura kunze nesimba re centrifugal uye inogara ichiipinza nepakati. Mugero wepombi uri pedyo nepakati kuitira kuti mvura inodzoka kubva ku radiator igone kubata mablades epombi. Mablades epombi anotakura mvura kuenda kunze kwepombi, kwainopinda muinjini. Mvura inobva kupombi inotanga kuyerera nepakati pe engine block nehead, yozopinda mu radiator, uye pakupedzisira yodzokera kupombi. Engine cylinder block nehead zvine nzira dzakawanda dzakagadzirwa kubva mukukanda kana kugadzirwa kwemechanical kuti zviite kuti mvura ifambe zvakanaka.
Kana mvura iri mumapaipi aya ikayerera zvakanaka, mvura iri mupaipi ndiyo chete inotonhodzwa zvakananga. Kupisa kunopfuudzwa kubva mumvura iri kuyerera nemupaipi kuenda kupaipi kunoenderana nemusiyano wekupisa uripo pakati pepaipi nemvura iri kubata paipi. Saka, kana mvura iri mupaipi ikatonhodzwa nekukurumidza, kupisa kunopfuudzwa kunenge kushoma. Mvura yese iri mupaipi inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira nekugadzira nyonganyonga mupaipi, kusanganisa mvura yese, uye kuchengetedza mvura iri mupaipi pakupisa kwakanyanya kuti itore kupisa kwakawanda.
Chinotonhodza chinotenderera chakafanana zvikuru neradiator iri muradiator, kunze kwekuti oiri haichinji kupisa nemuviri wemhepo, asi neantifreeze iri muradiator. Chifukidziro chetangi rekumanikidza Chifukidziro chetangi rekumanikidza chinogona kuwedzera poindi yekufashaira yeantifreeze ne25℃.
Basa guru rethermostat nderekudziisa injini nekukurumidza uye kuchengetedza tembiricha yakafanana. Izvi zvinoitwa nekugadzirisa huwandu hwemvura inoyerera nepakati pe radiator. Patembiricha yakaderera, nzira yekubuda nayo radiator inenge yakavharwa zvachose, zvichireva kuti antifreeze yese ichatenderera nepakati peinjini. Kana tembiricha ye antifreeze yakwira kusvika pa82-91 C, thermostat inovhurwa, izvo zvinobvumira mvura kuyerera nepakati pe radiator. Kana tembiricha ye antifreeze yasvika pa93-103 ℃, chinhu chinodzora tembiricha chicharamba chakabatidzwa.
Fan inotonhodza yakafanana nethermostat, saka inofanira kugadziriswa kuti injini igare iri patembiricha yakafanana. Mota dzinotyaira nemavhiri ekumberi dzine mafeni emagetsi nekuti injini inowanzoiswa yakatwasuka, zvichireva kuti simba reinjini rinotarisana nedivi remota.
Fani inogona kugadziriswa ne thermostatic switch kana computer yeinjini. Kana tembiricha yakwira pamusoro penzvimbo yakatarwa, mafeni aya anobatidzwa. Kana tembiricha yadzikira pasi pemutengo wakaiswa, mafeni aya anodzimwa. Fani inotonhorera Mota dzinofambisa mavhiri ekumashure dzine mainjini enguva refu dzinowanzo shongedzwa nemafeni anotonhorera anofambiswa neinjini. Mafeni aya ane ma clutch anotonhorera anofambiswa ne thermostatic. Clutch iri pakati pefeni, yakakomberedzwa nemhepo inobva mu radiator. Clutch iyi inotonhorera dzimwe nguva yakafanana ne viscous coupler yemota inodhonza mavhiri ese. Kana mota yapisa zvakanyanya, vhura mahwindo ese uye vhura heater kana fan iri kumhanya nekumhanya kwakazara. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti heating system isystem yechipiri inotonhorera, iyo inogona kuratidza mamiriro e main cooling system pamota.
Sisitimu yeheater. Mabhero eheater ari padashboard yemotokari chaizvoizvo idhiraivha diki. Fan yeheater inotumira mweya usina chinhu kuburikidza nemabharo eheater uye muchikamu chevatakurwi vemota. Mabhero eheater akafanana nemadhiraivha madiki. Mabhero eheater anosveta thermal antifreeze kubva kumusoro wecylinder uye obva aidzosera mupombi kuitira kuti heater ikwanise kumhanya kana thermostat yavhurwa kana kudzimwa.
