Majekiseni emafuta - "Midziyo yemafuta" yeInjini
Muhurongwa hwakaoma hweinjini yemotokari, chinoshandiswa pakuisa mafuta muinjini chinoita basa guru se "mweya wemafuta", chiri chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zveinjini dzinoshandisa mafuta muinjini. Chaizvoizvo, ivharuvhu yemagetsi iri nyore. Kana coil yemagetsi yawedzerwa simba, simba rekusveta rinogadzirwa rinosimudza vharuvhu yetsono, rovhura muromo, uye mafuta acho anopfapfaidzwa nekumhanya kukuru kuburikidza nepakati pemusoro wetsono nemuromo, zvichiita kuti pave nemamiriro akaita semhute, ayo anobva asanganiswa nemhepo kuti injini iwane mamiriro ekupisa akanakisa.
Kushanda zvakanaka kweinjini injector yemafuta ndiko kunosarudza mashandiro einjini. Pasi pemirairo chaiyo yeyuniti yekudzora yemagetsi (ECU) yeinjini, inopfapfaidza mafuta mucylinder nguva nenguva uye nehuwandu hwakatarwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushanda kweinjini. Kune mhando mbiri dzenzira dzekupinza mafuta: imwe injection yemanifold yekudya, apo injector yekudya iri mu injection yemanifold uye inopfapfaidza mafuta mu injection yemanifold kuti isangane nemhepo isati yapinda mucylinder; imwe injection yakananga mucylinder, apo injector yekudya inopinda zvakananga mukati mecylinder uye inopfapfaidza mafuta ne high pressure mucylinder. Kunyangwe nzira idzi mbiri dziine maitiro akafanana, injector yekudyara mafuta yekudyara yakananga inoda kutsungirira high pressure, inowanzova pakati pe24 kusvika 200 kg, nepo pressure ye injection yemanifold yekudyara yakajairika iri pakati pe2 ne8 kg.
Kupinza mafuta nemazvo ndiyo vimbiso yekushanda zvakanaka kweinjini. Chinopinza mafuta chinodzora huwandu hwemafuta anoshandiswa uye nguva yachinoiswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti injini inogona kuwana chiyero chakakodzera chemhepo-mafuta pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekushanda, nokudaro ichiwana chiyero chakanakisa chesimba rinobuda, kuchengetedza mafuta, uye kuburitswa kweutsi. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti mamiriro ekushanda kwechinopinza mafuta anokanganisa zvakananga mashandiro einjini, huwandu hwekushandiswa kwemafuta, uye kunaka kwekuburitswa kweutsi.
Kukundikana kweinjini yemafuta - "Muurayi asingaoneki" weinjini
Sezvo daro remotokari richikwira uye nzvimbo yekushandisa ichichinja, majekiseni emafuta anogona kusanganawo nekukundikana kwakasiyana-siyana, zvichiva "muurayi asingaoneki" anokanganisa mashandiro einjini. Zvikonzero zvekukundikana kwejekiseni remafuta zvakaoma uye zvine chekuita nehunhu hwemafuta, maitiro ekushandisa, uye kukwegura kwezvikamu. Matadza, tsvina mumafuta, uye guruva rinounzwa panguva yekuchengetera nekutakura zvichaungana nekufamba kwenguva panzvimbo yejekiseni remafuta, zvichiita madhaka. Madhaka aya, kana apiswa, anoshanduka kuita madhaka akaomarara, achivhara vharuvhu yetsono nemaburi evharuvhu ejekiseni remafuta. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwanda kwemotokari mumaguta kunowanzoita kuti mota dzishande nekumhanya kwakaderera uye dzisashande, izvo zvinokurumidzisawo kuumbwa nekuunganidzwa kwemadhaka.
Kukundikana kweinjector yemafuta kuchakonzera zviratidzo zvakawanda zviri pachena, zvichizivisa kuti injini iteerere. Chiratidzo chekutanga kudzikira kwesimba uye kuoma kwekumhanyisa. Kana injector yemafuta yavharika uye huwandu hweinjection yemafuta husina kukwana, injini haigone kuwana mafuta akakwana, uye simba richadzikira zvakanyanya, kunyanya kana ichikurumidza kukurumidza, kunonoka kunoonekwa kuchaitika. Chiratidzo chechipiri kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafuta kusingawanzoitiki. Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemafuta kuchakonzera kupisa kwemafuta kusina kukwana, uye injini ichawedzera huwandu hweinjection yemafuta kuti irambe iine simba, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwekushandiswa kwemafuta.
Kusashanda zvakanaka uye kudedera zvisina kuenzana zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa. Kuvharika kweinjini yemafuta kana atomization isina kunaka kunokonzera kugoverwa kwemafuta kusina kuenzana muinjini, zvichiwedzera kusiyana kwebasa reinjini, uye kunyangwe ECU ikagadzirisa, haigone kutsiva zvizere, nokudaro zvichikonzera kushanduka-shanduka kwekumhanya kusina kuenzana uye kudedera kwemotokari. Pamusoro pezvo, kuburitsa kwakawandisa kweutsi, kuoma kwekutanga kutonhora, uye mwenje yekutadza kweinjini ichibatidza zvinogonawo kuva zviratidzo zvekukundikana kweinjini yemafuta. Kukundikana kwakanyanya kweinjini yemafuta kunogonawo kukonzera kushomeka kwemasilinda einjini, kudzimwa kweinjini kamwe kamwe, uye mamwe matambudziko akakomba anokanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwekutyaira.
Kupindura nekudzivirira kutadza kwekushandisa mafuta mu injector
Kutarisana nekukundikana kweinjector yemafuta, mhinduro dzinoshanda nenguva dzakakosha. Kana zviratidzo zviri pamusoro apa zvikaitika, muridzi anogona kutanga ashandisa system yekuongorora zviri mubhodhi (OBD) kuti averenge zvikanganiso kuti atange aona chikonzero chekukundikana. Kune mavhariji madiki einjector yemafuta, zvinowedzera mafuta zvine zvikamu zvePEA zvinogona kushandiswa kuchenesa. Kazhinji, kuzvishandisa kaviri kana katatu kunogona kunyungudutsa nekubvisa makabhoni, kudzorera injector yemafuta kuti ishande zvakajairika.
Kana dambudziko racho rakakura, senge vharuvhu yetsono yakanamatira muinjector yemafuta kana coil yakatsva, zvinodikanwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekugadzirisa yehunyanzvi kuti igadziriswe kana kutsiviwa nekukasika. Munguva yekugadzirisa, mainjiniya vane hunyanzvi vanoshandisa michina yehunyanzvi kuchenesa, kuyedza nekugadzirisa injector yemafuta kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yadzoka pakushanda kwayo kwakajairika.
Kudzivirira kutadza kwemuchina wekuisa mafuta kwakakosha zvikuru pakugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti varidzi vemota vaite ongororo yemuchina wekuisa mafuta uye kuchenesa kamwe chete pamakiromita zviuru zviviri kusvika zvitatu. Kana mota ikashandisa mafuta emhando yepamusoro uye ichichengetwa zvakanaka, nguva yacho inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika pamakiromita zviuru zvina kusvika zvitanhatu. Panguva imwe chete, sarudza chiteshi chepeturu chine mukurumbira wekuwedzera mafuta emhando yepamusoro kudzivirira kushandisa mafuta asina kunaka, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kukuvara kwemuchina wekuisa mafuta unokonzerwa nekusvibiswa nematadza ari mumafuta. Pamusoro pezvo, edza kudzivirira kusashanda kwenguva refu uye kuderedza kutanga nekumira kakawanda mumigwagwa yemumaguta, izvo zvinogonawo kunonoka kuumbwa kwecarbon deposits pamuchina wekuisa mafuta.
Muchidimbu, injini yemafuta chinhu chakakosha muinjini, uye basa rayo harigone kutsiviwa. Kunzwisisa musimboti wekushanda uye zviratidzo zvekukanganisa kweinjini yemafuta, uye kuziva mhinduro dzakakodzera uye nzira dzekudzivirira, zvinogona kubatsira varidzi vemotokari kuona nekugadzirisa matambudziko nenguva, kuve nechokwadi chekuti injini inoramba iri mumamiriro akanaka ekushanda uye kupa dziviriro yakavimbika yekushanda kwemagetsi emotokari uye kuchengetedzeka kwekutyaira.
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