Basa guru remusangano wemhepo yemotokari
Musanganiswa wemhepo yemotokari unogona kuonekwa se "muchengeti asingaonekwe" weinjini. Panguva yekushanda kwemotokari, inoita mabasa akawanda akakosha.
Chekutanga, inoshanda se "nhoo" yezvikamu zveinjini zvakanyatsonaka. Mafirita emhepo emhando yepamusoro anogona kusefa tsvina inopfuura 99% ine dhayamita ye ≥ 5 micrometers, zvichidzivirira zvinobudirira zvidimbu zvakasimba zvakaita seguruva, jecha, mukume, nezvimwewo kuti zvisapinde musirindiri, nokudaro zvichidzivirira kusakara kusingawanzoitiki kwezvikamu zvakaita semapiston, madziro esirindiri, nemavharuvhu nekuda kwekupinda kwetsvina. Kana firita yemhepo ikavharika kwenguva yakareba, mwero wekusakara kweinjini uchawedzera nekatatu kusvika kashanu, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya njodzi yekudhonzwa kwesirindiri, kupiswa kwemafuta, nezvimwe zvikanganiso. Munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzine jecha, pasina dziviriro yefirita yemhepo, zvidimbu zvakakura zvinopinda pakati pepiston nesirindiri zvinogona kutokonzera "kudhonzwa kwesirindiri" kwakanyanya.
Chechipiri, zvine chekuita nemagetsi anobuda mumotokari uye kushandiswa kwemafuta. Kana firita remhepo ravharika kusvika pa30%, kuramba kwemafuta kunowedzera zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwemafuta anotorwa muinjini. Panguva ino, ECU ichagadzirisa huwandu hwemafuta anoiswa muinjini kuti irambe ichibvira, asi kusawirirana muhuwandu hwemafuta anoiswa muinjini kuchaita kuti simba ridzikire ne5% - 10%, uye kushandiswa kwemafuta pamakiromita zana kuchawedzera neinopfuura litre imwe chete. Kunyange zvazvo firita remhepo rinoshanda zvakanaka rinogona kuona kuti mweya unopinda muinjini wakachena uye wakakwana, zvichibvumira musanganiswa wakakwana wemafuta nemhepo kuti zviitike, zvichiita kuti injini ishande zvakanaka uye iwane kushandiswa kwakanaka kwemafuta.
Uyezve, zvakakosha zvikuru pakugadzirisa nzvimbo yekutsva uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekushanda kwemafuta einjini. Mhepo yakachena inopindwa inogona kuderedza 50% kana kupfuura yecarbon deposits pa throttle valve, spark plugs, uye combustion chamber, zvichideredza mukana wekuzunguzika kwe idling, kusimba kwekumhanyisa, nezvimwewo zvinokonzerwa necarbon deposits. Tsvina isina kusefa inopinda muinjini ichasanganiswa nemafuta einjini, ichikurumidzisa oxidation yayo nekusvibiswa kwayo. Kusefa kwakanaka kunogona kudzorera kutenderera kwekutsiva mafuta emineral akajairika kubva pamakiromita 3,000 kusvika pamakiromita angangoita 7,500, uye kutenderera kwekutsiva mafuta akagadzirwa zvizere kunogonawo kuwedzerwa zvinoenderana, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa neinenge 60%.
Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe ma "integrated air filters" anogonawo kubatsira mukuchenesa mweya wemukati, kudzivirira zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita sePM2.5, pollen, sulfur compounds, nezvimwewo, kugadzira nzvimbo ine hutano uye yakasununguka yekufambisa kune vafambi, kunyanya inobatsira vanhu vane allergies. Panguva imwe chete, inewo imwe nzira yekuderedza ruzha, inonwisa uye inovhara ruzha rwekunwa rwunobva muinjini kuti nzvimbo yemukati ive yakanyarara.
Zvikanganiso zvakajairika uye mhedzisiro yemusangano wefirita yemhepo yemotokari
Munguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu, muchina wekuisa firita yemhepo yemotokari unogona kusanganawo nezvikanganiso zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichikonzera njodzi pakushanda kwemotokari.
Kuvharika ndiko kunonyanya kukonzera dambudziko. Sezvo nguva yekushandisa ichiwedzera, tsvina iri mumhepo inoungana zvishoma nezvishoma pafirita yemhepo, ichivhara maburi ayo uye ichiwedzera kuramba kupinza. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kusakwana kweinjini, simba shoma rinobuda, uye zviitiko zvakaita sekumhanya zvishoma nezvishoma uye kupindura zvishoma nezvishoma kana uchitsika accelerator, kunyanya kana ichipfuura kana kumhanya zvakanyanya. Panguva imwe chete, mafuta haagone kupiswa zvizere, zvichikonzera kutambisa mafuta, kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemafuta ne5% - 20%, uye kunyange marita matatu - mashanu ekuwedzera emotokari dzedhiziri. Nekufamba kwenguva, carbon deposits yemukati meinjini ichaumbwa, ichikurumidzisa kupera kwezvikamu uye ichikanganisa mashandiro einjini uye hupenyu hweinjini.
Kuparadzwa idambudziko risingafaniri kuregeredzwa. Mota dzinopfuura nepakati pezvikamu zvine makomba, dzichibatwa nemasimba ekunze, kana kushanda dzakatakura zvinhu zvakawanda kwenguva yakareba zvinogona kukonzera kuti furemu yefirita yemhepo ikanganise kana kuti misono itsemuke. Panguva ino, mweya usina kusefa uchapinda zvakananga muinjini, nezvidimbu zvakakura kupfuura 0.5 micrometers zvichipinda mukamuri rinopisa, zvakaenzana nekudurura anenge magiramu mashanu emarara ejecha muinjini pazuva, zvichiwedzera mwero wekupfeka usina kujairika wemadziro esirinda nemapiston rings katanhatu. Zvakanyanya kukosha, hunyoro husina kusefa huchaita nema oxide esimbi kuti hugadzire hydrochloric acid inoparadza, zvichikonzera kuvhurika kwemuviri wesirinda.
Hunyoro hunokanganisawo mashandiro akajairika emusanganiswa wefirita yemhepo. Pakushandisa mota munzvimbo ine hunyoro kana kupfuura nepakati penzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda, kana chisimbiso chefirita yemhepo chisina kusimba, hunyoro hunogona kupinda mukati mefirita, zvichiita kuti inyorove. Kushanda kwefirita yemhepo ine hunyoro kunoderera uye kunowanzoita kuti ikure. Kukura kweforoma kunowedzera katatu pane mamiriro akajairwa. Mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana, mavanga anooneka eforoma anogona kuumbwa. Maforoma aya haangokuvadzi chimiro chepepa refirita chete uye anoderedza kushanda kwekusefa ne30%, asiwo anogadzira zvipembenene zvinotapukira kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekudya hunogona kupinda mukamuri remotokari. Kufema kwenguva refu kunogona kukonzera allergic rhinitis uye zvirwere zvekufema.
Kudzivirira uye kupindura kukundikana kwekuunganidza firita yemhepo
Kuti zvisashande zvakanaka pakusanganisa mafirita emhepo, varidzi vemotokari vanofanira kungwarira kugadzirisa kwemazuva ese. Kazhinji, mota dzinofamba mumaguta dzinofanira kuchinjwa mafirita emhepo mushure memakiromita 1 - 2; kana dziri kufamba munzvimbo dzine guruva, kutenderera kwekutsiva kunofanira kupfupikiswa kusvika makiromita 5000 kana mwedzi mitatu. Munguva yekugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva, zvakakosha kutarisa kuchena uye kunaka kwefirita yemhepo. Mafirita emapepa anogona kucheneswa kubva mukati nekunze uchishandisa mhepo yakamanikidzwa, uye kugeza nemvura hakubvumidzwe; mafirita ane mafuta anoda michina yakakosha yekuchenesa nemafuta ekuchengetedza. Kana ukaona kuti firiji yemhepo yave nhema uye yakasviba, yakakuvara uye iri kubuda mvura, kana kuti ine zviratidzo zvekunyevera zvakaita sekudzikira kwesimba, kushandiswa kwemafuta akawanda, uye utsi hutema, unofanira kutsiva firiji nekukasika.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
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