Turbocharger yeMotokari: Gamba Rakavanzika uye Zvikanganiso Zvinogona Kuitika zveInjini Yemagetsi
Munguva ino yekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mumotokari, turbocharger yave chinhu chakakosha pakuvandudza mashandiro einjini. Yakaita segamba riri kumashure kwezviitiko, richiunza mashandiro ane simba uye kuchengetedza mafuta zviri nani kumotokari. Zvisinei, gamba iri rinewo nguva "dzekutsamwa". Kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro aro enguva dzose, nokudaro kuchikanganisa mashandiro emotokari.
Basa guru re turbocharger
Iyo turbocharger inonyanya kushandiswa mumhepo. Inoshandisa simba rekubuda muinjini neunyanzvi kuti ifambise turbine iri mukati meimba. Iyo turbine inobva yafambisa coaxial impeller, ichidzvanya mhepo uye ichiisimudzira isati yaitumira mu cylinder. Maitiro aya anowedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hweinjini, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta uye zvichibvumira injini kuburitsa simba rayo kusvika ku30% nehukuru hwakafanana hweutsi.
Panyaya yekuwedzera simba, simba re turbocharger rinoshamisa zvechokwadi. Semuenzaniso, simba reinjini ye 1.8T turbocharged rinogona kukwikwidzana neinjini ye 2.4L inofemerwa nechisikigo, nepo kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakafanana nekweinjini ye 1.8L. Munhandare yekumhanya, turbocharger inopenya zvakanyanya. Inogonesa mainjini ane mafambiro mashoma kuwana simba rakakura, zvichivapa mukana panhandare yemujaho.
Pamusoro pekuwedzera simba, ma turbocharger anoshandawo zvakanaka mukuchengetedza mafuta uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa, zvinogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, zvichiwanzochengetedza 3% kusvika 5%. Panguva imwe chete, kuvandudzwa kwekushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa kunobatsira kuderedza kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvakaita sezvimedu uye nitrogen oxides, zvichibatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Uyezve, ma turbocharger ane basa rekutsiva nzvimbo dzakakwirira, iro rinogona kukunda kudzikira kwesimba reinjini munzvimbo dzakakwirira kunokonzerwa nemhepo yakatetepa.
Zvikanganiso zvakajairika uye mhinduro dze turbochargers
Kunyangwe ma turbocharger aine zvakanakira zviri pachena, anogona kusanganawo nezvikanganiso zvakasiyana-siyana panguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu.
Kukanganisa kwekubuda kwemvura ndeimwe yematambudziko anowanzoitika. Kana kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakanyanya asi ruvara rweutsi hwekubuda kwemhepo rwakajairika uye simba risinganyanyi kukanganiswa, zvinogona kunge kuti pombi yemafuta yekupinda kana yekudzosa ye turbocharger iri kudonha. Panguva ino, tarisa kana sealing ring isina kukanganiswa. Kana yakakuvara, itsive nekukasika. Kana kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakanyanya uye exhaust ichiburitsa utsi hwebhuruu asi simba rikaramba risina kuchinja, zvingangoita kuti sealing ring iri kumucheto kwecompressor yakundikana. Tarisa hunyoro hwepombi yemafuta ekudzosa uye ita kugadzirisa. Kana kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakanyanya, exhaust ichiburitsa utsi hwebhuruu kana dema, uye simba richiderera, zvinogona kunge kuti mukaha uri pakati pepiston nesilinda wakakura zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuti mafuta apinde mukamuri rekupisa. Muchiitiko ichi, kuongororwa kwakadzama kweinjini kunodiwa.
Zvikanganiso zvekurasikirwa nemagetsi hazvifanirwe kufuratirwawo. Semuenzaniso, kana turbocharger yeBMW 2 Series ikatadza kushanda zvakanaka, panogona kunge paine dambudziko rekurasikirwa nemagetsi. Zvikonzero zvekurasikirwa nemagetsi zvakawanda. Semuenzaniso, kana sisitimu yekupinda yakavharika, kuvharika kwefirita yemhepo kunokonzera kusakwana kwemhepo inopinda, zvichikanganisa mashandiro enguva dzose eturbocharger. Panguva ino, chenesa kana kutsiva firita yemhepo. Zvingave zvakare kuti plate yekuvhara vharuvhu yebypass haina kuvharwa zvakasimba, zvichikonzera kubuda kwepressure. Kungotsiva plate yekuvhara vharuvhu yebypass kunogona kugadzirisa dambudziko.
Ruzha rwekukweshana kwesimbi, kuburitswa kweutsi hutema, uye kudzikiswa kwesimba zvinofanirawo kutariswa. Kana turbocharger ikaita ruzha rwekukweshana kwesimbi, utsi hunobuda hutema, uye simba rikaderera, zvinogona kunge kuti turbocharger rotor bearing kana thrust bearing yakasakara zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti impeller ikwize pa turbocharger housing. Panguva ino, zvakakosha kugadzirisa kana kutsiva zvikamu zvebearing zvine chekuita nenguva. Zvakare, kana flap yakasununguka uye yaroverana, injini inoita ruzha rukuru panguva yekupisa, uye chisimbiso hachizove chakasimba. Kukurumidzisa zvakanyanya kuchaita kuti transmission system isashande zvakanaka.
Zvikanganiso zvekukuvadzwa kwezvinhu zvekunze zvinoitikawo nguva nenguva. Kusavhara zvakanaka pombi yekupinda, nekusapinda nepasefa uye kupinda zvakananga mucompressor impeller, kana kusatsiva firita yemhepo sezvinodiwa, zvinogona kutungamira kuzvinhu zvekunze kupinda muturbocharger uye kukuvadza kumeso kwecompressor. Kukuvadzwa kwezvikamu zviri mukati mesilinda yeinjini yedhiziri, kana zvinhu zvekunze kupinda mu exhaust manifold panguva yekugadzirisa, kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwe radial kurotor kana transmission shaft, zvichizoguma nekupwanyika kwerotor kana shaft. Kuti uderedze kuitika kwekukundikana kweturbocharger, kushandiswa kwakakodzera kwezuva nezuva uye kugadzirisa kwakakosha zvikuru. Mushure mekunge injini yatanga, inofanira kumira kwemaminitsi matatu. Munguva yechando, injini inofanira kudziidzwa kwemaminitsi mashanu kana kupfuura kuti oiri yeinjini ikwanise kunyorovesa turbocharger zvizere. Mushure mekutyaira nekumhanya kwakanyanya kana kukwira mukwidza, usadzima injini nekukurumidza. Pane kudaro, ramba uchimira kwemaminitsi imwe chete kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mabheringi eturbocharger azere nemafuta. Panguva imwe chete, zvinodikanwa kutsiva oiri yeinjini nefirita yemafuta nguva dzose. Shandisa mafuta ekuzora uye zvinhu zvekusefa zvakatarwa kuti udzivise zvikanganiso zvinokonzerwa nemafuta ekuzora asina kuchena kana asina kukwana.
Mukupedzisa, turbocharger ine basa rakakosha mumagetsi emotokari. Kunzwisisa mashandiro ayo nezvikanganiso zvakajairika, uye kuziva nzira dzakakodzera dzekushandisa nekugadzirisa, zvinogona kuita kuti irambe ichipa simba rakasimba kumotokari uye kutiperekedza parwendo rwakanaka.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yakazvipira kutengesa MG&MAXUSzvikamu zvemota zvinogamuchirwa Kutenga.
