Mavharuvhu ekupinda mumota chii?
Vharuvhu yekupinda chinhu chakakosha muvharuvhu yeinjini, ine basa rekukwevera mweya mutsva (kana musanganiswa unobvira) musirindiri panguva yekushanda kwekushanda kwechinangwa chekutsva.
Basa Guru
Kufema mweya: Panguva yekupindwa kwemhepo, vharuvhu yekufema inovhurika, ichishandisa kumanikidzwa kwakashata kunokonzerwa nekufamba kwepiston pasi kuti ikweve mweya (kana musanganiswa wemhepo nemafuta) mu cylinder.
Kugadzirira kupiswa: Inopa okisijeni inodiwa pakuita kwekudzvanya nekutsva kunotevera, ichivimbisa kuti mafuta anopisa zvakanaka.
Kuvhara sirinda: Munguva yekudzvanya, simba, uye kupwanya kwe exhaust, vharuvhu yekupinda inovhara, pamwe chete nevharuvhu yekubuda, kuitira kuti sirinda ivharwe.
Maumbirwo uye Hunhu
Kuumbwa: Inoumbwa nemusoro wevharuvhu nedanda revharuvhu. Musoro unowanzova wakatsetseka pamusoro, wakatenderera, kana kuti wakatsetseka pamusoro, uye pamusoro wakatsetseka ndiwo unonyanya kuwanikwa.
Zvinhu: Inonyanya kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita sesimbi yechrome uye simbi yenickel-chrome kuti ikwanise kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira uye kushushikana kwemakanika.
Saizi: Inowanzo kuve yakakura kupfuura vharuvhu yekubuda kwemhepo kuti ideredze kuramba kwemvura inopinda uye ivandudze kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchaja.
Koni yekona: Inowanzova 45°, uye mamwe mamodheru (akadai seCA1091) anoshandisa 30° kuderedza kuramba kwemushonga.
Ichifambiswa necamshaft, inodzorwa kuvhura nekuvharika nepamuchina wetappet, pushrod (kana zvakananga neruoko rwerocker).
Nguva yekuvhura nekuvhara inodzorwa nemazvo nenguva yevharuvhu, inowiriraniswa nekona yecrankshaft, kuitira kuti pave nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inochinjana zvakanaka.
Kutsanangurwa Kwepfungwa Dzisiri Dzechokwadi Kwakajairika
Kwete throttle: throttle iri mupombi yekupinda uye inodzora huwandu hwese hwekupinda; vharuvhu yekupinda iri pamusoro pesirinda uye inodzora nguva yekupinda kwesirinda imwe chete.
Kwete chikwidziridzo: Chikwidziridzo ipedal inoshandiswa nemutyairi, inodzorwa nenzira dzemagetsi kana dzemakanika kuti ivhure throttle.
Mhedzisiro Yezvikanganiso
Kana vharuvhu yekupinda yakakuvara (sekunge kushanduka kwesimba, kuunganidzwa kwekabhoni, kana kusavhara zvakanaka), zvinogona kukonzera:
Simba reinjini rakaderedzwa
Kusagadzikana, kumhanyisa kusina simba Kuoma pakutanga
Chinoburitsa utsi hutema kana kuti pane ruzha rusina kujairika nekuda kwekubuda kwemvura
Injini zhinji dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa dhizaini yemavharuvhu akawanda (senge mavharuvhu mana pa cylinder, anozivikanwa se "16V"), kuti dziwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekupinda nekubuda kwemhepo uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekupisa.
Vharuvhu yekupinda chinhu chakakosha muhurongwa hwechitima chemavharuvhu einjini. Mabasa ayo makuru ndeaya anotevera:
-吸入 mhepo itsva (kana musanganiswa unobvira) musirindiri： Munguva yekupinda kwemhepo, vharuvhu yekupinda inovhurika, ichibvumira mhepo (muinjini dzepeturu, inowanzo sanganiswa nemafuta kuti igadzire musanganiswa unobvira) kuti ipinde mukamuri rekupisa, zvichipa mamiriro anodiwa ekupiswa.
- Kuve nechokwadi chekuti kupisa kunoshanda zvakanaka: Nekudzora huwandu hwemafuta anopinda, kuve nechokwadi chekuti mafuta apiswa zvizere, nokudaro zvichivandudza simba reinjini uye kuchengetedza mafuta.
- Kushanda pamwe chete nevharuvhu yekubuda mweya: Pamwe chete nevharuvhu yekubuda mweya, inopedzisa kutenderera kwemastroke mana e "intake - compression - power - exhaust", ichichengetedza kushanda kwakajairika kweinjini.
Kana vharuvhu yekupinda ikatadza kushanda zvakanaka (sekuungana kwekabhoni, kuvharwa kusina kunaka, kana kunamira), zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko anotevera:
- Simba reinjini rakadzikira, kudedera, kusagadzikana kusina kugadzikana
- Kukurumidza kusina kunaka, kutanga kwakaoma
- Utsi hunoburitsa utsi hutema, kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakawedzera
Injini dzemazuva ano dzinowanzo shandisa tekinoroji yemavharuvhu akawanda (senge mavharuvhu mana pa silinda: 2 intake uye 2 exhaust), kuti dziwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kweinmotion ne exhaust uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekupisa.
Kukundikana kwevharuvhu yekupinda mumota kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro einjini, zvichikonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwakasiyana-siyana. Sekureva kweruzivo rweveruzhinji, zviratidzo zvikuru, zvikonzero, uye mhinduro dzacho ndeizvi:
- Zviratidzo zvikuru
- Kuzunguzika kweinjini kana kusagadzikana kwekushanda: Kusavhara zvakanaka kwevharuvhu yekupinda kana kuunganidzwa kwekabhoni kunokonzera musanganiswa usina kuenzana musirindiri yega yega, zvichikonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwesimba, kunyanya panguva yekutonhora kana kusagadzikana.
- Kutanga kwakaoma: Kuvharika kwevharuvhu kwakasununguka kunokonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwekudzvanywa musirindiri, uye chivharo chespark hachigone kubatidza musanganiswa zvizere mushure mekubatidza, zvichida kuedza kakawanda kutanga .
- Simba rakaderera: Huremu hwemuchina husina kukwana kana kuti husina kunaka, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekushanda zvakanaka kwemafuta, kumhanyisa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwekushandisa mafuta kupfuura .
- Kusakwana kwemushonga wekubuda:
Pombi yekuburitsa utsi inoburitsa utsi hutema (husina kupiswa zvakakwana)；
Muzviitiko zvakakomba, inogona kuburitsa utsi hwebhuruu (mafuta anotsva, kana chisimbiso chemafuta chevharuvhu chakakuvarawo).
- Ruzha rusina kujairika:
Ruzha "runopenya" runogona kunzwika pedyo nedivi rekupinda kana kuti manifold ekupinda kana vharuvhu yekupinda yabuda;
Panguva yekushanda kweinjini, ruzha rwekuti "kugogodza" runogona kunzwika, zvichiratidza kugogodza kwevharuvhu.
- Zvimwe zviratidzo:
Kubuda kwemhepo yakawandisa pafirita yemhepo ；
Exhaust manifold inopisa zvakanyanya uye inotoratidza "refringing" phenomenon.
Zvikonzero zvinowanzoonekwa zvekukanganisa
- Kuunganidzwa kwekabhoni kwakanyanya: Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemafuta asina kunaka, kutyaira uri kure, kutadza kwechisimbiso chemafuta evharuvhu, nezvimwewo, zvinotungamira mukuiswa kwezvinhu zvakaita sechigum, zvichikanganisa kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa kwevharuvhu.
- Kupera kana kuputsika kwenzvimbo yekuvharira mavharuvhu: Makomba kana mipata iri pamusoro penzvimbo yekubata pakati pevharuvhu nerin'i yechigaro kana paine tembiricha yakakwira uye kumanikidzwa kwakakwira, zvichikonzera kubuda kwemvura.
- Mukana wakawandisa pakati pehunde yevharuvhu nechubhu inotungamira: Vharuvhu inozununguka kana kukotama, haigone kuiswa kana kuvharwa zvakanaka.
- Kukundikana kwechitubu chemavharuvhu: Kusasimba kwakakwana kana kutyoka kwechitubu, zvichidzivirira vharuvhu kuti isavhare zvakasimba .
- Kugadziriswa kusina kukodzera kwekubviswa kwevharuvhu: Hunde yevharuvhu inosundirwa yakavhurika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa, zvichikonzera kusagadzikana kwekuvharika .
- Matanho ekurapa anokurudzirwa
- Kuzviongorora kwekutanga:
Tarisa kana wakamboshandisa mafuta asina kunaka nguva pfupi yadarika;
Tarisa kana paine zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvakaita seutsi hutema, ruzha rusina kujairika, kana kudedera.
- Shandisa chishandiso chekuongorora OBD:
Verenga makodhi ekukanganisa, akadai semakodhi ekudzima moto (P0300 series), sensor yeoxygen isina kujairika (P0130), nezvimwewo, kuti ubatsire mukusarudza .
- Kugadzirisa kwehunyanzvi
Kana vharuvhu yekupinda ichifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo dambudziko, chifukidziro chevharuvhu chinofanira kuparadzaniswa kuti chionekwe kuti vharuvhu yakamira sei, kushanda kwayo mukuvhara, uye kuunganidza kabhoni here;
Kana kabhoni yakaunganidzwa zvakanyanya, funga nezve "kucheneswa kwemakemikari kwesystem yekudya" kana "kubviswa kwekuchenesa nemaoko" ；
Kana vharuvhu yakatsva, yakakanganisika, kana kuti isina kuvharwa zvakanaka, zvinowanzodiwa "kutsiva vharuvhu" kana "kugadzirisa mhete yechigaro chevharuvhu".
- Matanho ekudzivirira
Shandisa mafuta emhando yepamusoro uye zvinowedzerwa pamafuta nguva dzose;
Chenesai makabhoni aripo makiromita makumi maviri ega ega (kunyanya throttle body ne intake manifold). Dzorerai mavharuvhu emafuta ekuisa pamwe nemafirita matatu zvichienderana nemirayiridzo yebhuku.
Cherechedza: Kana dambudziko revharuvhu rekupinda rikasatariswa, rinogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya kwemuchina senge kubata kwevharuvhu kana kurovera piston nevharuvhu, uye mutengo wekugadzirisa uchawedzera zvakanyanya.
Kana uchida kuziva zvakawanda, ramba uchiverenga zvimwe zvinyorwa pane ino saiti!
Ndapota tifonerei kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvakadaro.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yakazvipira kutengesa MG&MAXUSzvikamu zvemota zvinogamuchirwa Kutenga.
