Magirazi emotokari anowanzo umbwa nezvikamu zvitatu: girobhu remwenje, reflector uye girazi rinofananidza (girazi reastigmatism).
1. girobhu
Mabara anoshandiswa mumwenje yemotokari imabharubhu eincandescent, mabarubhu e halogen tungsten, marambi matsva e arc ane kupenya kwakanyanya nezvimwewo.
(1) Balbhu rinopenya: filament yaro yakagadzirwa newaya yetungsten (tungsten ine poindi yekunyunguduka uye chiedza chakasimba). Panguva yekugadzira, kuti iwedzere hupenyu hwebasa rebalbhu, balbhu rinozadzwa negasi risingapindi (nitrogen nemusanganiswa wayo wemagasi asina kupinda). Izvi zvinogona kuderedza kubuda kwewaya yetungsten, kuwedzera tembiricha yefilament, uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwechiedza. Chiedza chinobva kubalbhu rinopenya chine ruvara rweyero.
(2) Mwenje weTungsten halide: Balbu reTungsten halide rinoiswa mugasi risina simba mune chimwe chinhu chehalide (senge iodine, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, nezvimwewo), vachishandisa musimboti wekuita kwekugadzirisa tungsten halide, kureva kuti, gasi tungsten inobuda kubva mufilament inosangana nehalogen kuti igadzire halide inoshanduka, iyo inopararira kunzvimbo inopisa pedyo nefilament, uye inoora nekupisa, kuitira kuti tungsten idzoserwe kune filament. Halogen inoburitswa inoramba ichipararira uye ichitora chikamu mukuita kwekufamba kunotevera, saka kutenderera kunoenderera mberi, nokudaro ichidzivirira kubuda kwetungsten uye kusviba kwebharubhu. Saizi yebharubhu reTungsten halogen idiki, ganda rebharubhu rakagadzirwa negirazi requartz rine simba rekupisa rakakwirira uye simba remakanika rakawanda, pasi pesimba rimwe chete, kupenya kwebharubhu reTungsten halogen kwakapetwa ka1.5 kupfuura kwebharubhu reincandescent, uye hupenyu hwacho hwakareba ka2 kusvika ka3.
(3) Rambi idzva re arc rinopenya zvakanyanya: Rambi iri harina filament yechinyakare mu bulb. Pane kudaro, ma electrode maviri anoiswa mukati me quartz tube. Chubhu iyi inozadzwa ne xenon ne trace metals (kana metal halides), uye kana paine arc voltage yakakwana pa electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), gasi rinotanga kuita ioni uye rinoendesa magetsi. Maatomu egasi anenge ari mumamiriro ekufara uye anotanga kuburitsa chiedza nekuda kwekuchinja kwesimba rema electron. Mushure me 0.1s, huwandu hushoma hwe mercury vapor hunopwanyika pakati pema electrodes, uye simba rinoendeswa pakarepo ku mercury vapor arc discharge, uye rozoendeswa ku rambi re halide arc mushure mekunge tembiricha yakwira. Mushure mekunge chiedza chasvika patembiricha yekushanda yakajairika ye bulb, simba rekuchengetedza arc discharge rakaderera kwazvo (inenge 35w), saka 40% yesimba remagetsi inogona kuchengetedzwa.
