Batanidza piston uye crankshaft, uye fambisa simba riri papiston kune crankshaft, uchishandura kudzoreredza kufamba kwepiston kuita kutenderera kwe crankshaft.
Boka retsvimbo yekubatanidza rinoumbwa nemuviri wetsvimbo yekubatanidza, tsvimbo yekubatanidza hombe yekupedzisira chivharo, yekubatanidza tsvimbo diki yekupedzisira bushing, yekubatanidza tsvimbo hombe inobereka gwenzi uye yekubatanidza tsvimbo mabhaudhi (kana screws). Boka rekubatanidza tsvimbo rinoiswa pasi pesimba regesi kubva papiston pin, kusvetuka kwayo uye kudzoreredza inertial simba reboka repiston. Hukuru uye gwara remasimba aya zvinoshanduka nguva nenguva. Naizvozvo, iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo inoiswa kune inochinjika mitoro senge compression uye tension. Iyo tsvimbo yekubatanidza inofanira kuva nesimba rakakwana rekuneta uye kusimba kwemaitiro. Simba rekuneta risina kukwana rinowanzokonzera muviri wetsvimbo yekubatanidza kana bhaudhi yetsvimbo kutyoka, zvichikonzera tsaona huru yekukuvadzwa kumuchina wese. Kana iyo kuomarara ikasakwana, zvinokonzeresa kupeta deformation yemuviri wetsvimbo uye kunze-kwe-kutenderera deformation yemagumo makuru etambo yekubatanidza, zvichikonzera kupfeka eccentric yepiston, silinda, kubereka uye crank pin.
Chimiro uye chimiro
Muviri wetsvimbo wekubatanidza unosanganisira zvikamu zvitatu, chikamu chakabatana nepiston piston chinonzi chidiki chekupedzisira chekubatanidza tsvimbo; chikamu chakabatana ne crankshaft chinonzi magumo makuru emudonzvo wekubatanidza, uye chikamu chinobatanidza chikamu chiduku uye chigumo chikuru chinonzi muviri wetsvimbo yekubatanidza.
Mugumo muduku wemudonzvo wekubatanidza unonyanya kuve wakaonda-walled annular structure. Kuti uderedze kupfeka pakati pekubatanidza tsvimbo nepiston yepiston, yakatetepa-yakavezwa bhuronzi bushing inotsikirirwa mugomba diki rekupedzisira. Drill kana mill grooves mumusoro mudiki uye gwenzi kubvumira mafuta anopfachuka kuti apinde munzvimbo dzekusangana dzebushing yekuzora uye piston piston.
Iyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo shaft itsvimbo yakareba, uye inoiswawo pasi pemasimba makuru panguva yebasa. Kuti udzivise kukotama uye kukanganisa, muviri wetsvimbo unofanirwa kuve nekusimba kwakakwana. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, dzakawanda zvekubatanidza tsvimbo shafts dzemotokari dzemotokari dzinoshandisa zvikamu zvakaumbwa neI, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kuwanda nekuoma kwakakwana uye simba, uye zvikamu zveH-shaped zvinoshandiswa mumajini akasimbiswa. Dzimwe injini dzinoshandisa kamucheto kadiki ketambo yekubatanidza kupfapfaidza oiri kuti itonhodze piston, uye neburi rinofanirwa kuboorwa munzira yekureba yemuviri wetsvimbo. Kuti udzivise kushushikana kwepfungwa, kubatana pakati pemuviri wetsvimbo yekubatanidza uye iyo diki yekupedzisira uye yakakura yekupedzisira inotora yakatsetseka shanduko yearc yakakura.
Kuti uderedze kuzunguzika kweinjini, mutsauko wemhando yehumburumbira yega yega yekubatanidza tsvimbo inofanirwa kugumira kune yakaderera renji. Pakuunganidza injini mufekitari, inowanzoiswa mumapoka maererano nehukuru hwemakona makuru uye maduku emudonzvo wekubatanidza mumagiramu. Boka rekubatanidza tsvimbo.
Pamusoro peinjini yeV-mhando, masilinda anoenderana ekuruboshwe nekurudyi mitsara anogovera crank pin, uye matanda ekubatanidza ane marudzi matatu: parallel kubatanidza tsvimbo, forogo yekubatanidza tsvimbo uye huru uye anobatsira ekubatanidza tsvimbo.
Main chimiro chekukuvadza
Mamiriro makuru ekukuvadza ekubatanidza tsvimbo ndeye kuneta kutyoka uye yakawandisa deformation. Kazhinji kuneta kuputsika kunowanikwa munzvimbo nhatu dzakanyanya kunetseka padanda rekubatanidza. Mamiriro ekushanda emudonzvo wekubatanidza anoda kuti tsvimbo yekubatanidza ive nesimba rakakwirira uye kurwisana kuneta; inodawo kuomarara kwakakwana uye kuomarara. Mune yechinyakare yekubatanidza tsvimbo yekugadzira tekinoroji, zvinhu zvacho zvinowanzo shandisa simbi yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama senge simbi makumi mana neshanu, 40Cr kana 40MnB, ine kuomarara kwepamusoro. Naizvozvo, itsva yekubatanidza tsvimbo zvinhu zvinogadzirwa nemakambani emotokari eGerman akadai seC70S6 yakakwira kabhoni microalloy isina kudzimwa uye simbi yakapfava, SPLITASCO series Forged steel, FRACTIM forged simbi uye S53CV-FS forged simbi, etc. (zviri pamusoro ese maGerman din standards. ) Kunyange zvazvo alloy simbi ine simba rakakwirira, inonyanya kugadzikana kune kushungurudzika. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa zvakasimba zvinodikanwa muchimiro chetambo yekubatanidza, yakawandisa fillet, nezvimwewo, uye kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune pamusoro pekugadzirisa mhando yekuvandudza kuneta kwesimba, zvikasadaro kushandiswa kweiyo yakakwirira-simba alloy simbi haizozadzise inodiwa. effect.
