Chigadziko chemhepo chekugara-chikamu chepasi-2.8T
Sefa yemhepo yemotokari chinhu chinobvisa tsvina mumhepo iri mumotokari. Sefa yemhepo inotonhodza mota inogona kuderedza zvinobudirira tsvina kubva mumotokari kuburikidza nesystem yekudziyisa, kufefetera uye yekutonhodza, uye kudzivirira kufema kwetsvina inokuvadza.
Mafirita emhepo emota anogona kuunza mamiriro emukati memota akachena. Mafirita emhepo emota ndeezvinhu zvemota uye ane zvikamu zviviri: chinhu chefirita nenzvimbo yekugara. Zvinodiwa zvikuru ndezvekusefa zvakanyanya, kuramba kuyerera zvakanaka, uye kushandiswa nguva dzose kwenguva yakareba pasina kugadziriswa.
mhedzisiro
Sefa yemhepo yemota inonyanya kubvisa tsvina mumhepo. Kana muchina wepiston (injini yekupisa mukati, compressor inodzokorodza, nezvimwewo) uchishanda, kana mweya unofemerwa uine guruva nezvimwe tsvina, zvinozowedzera kupfeka kwezvikamu, saka sefa yemhepo inofanira kuiswa. Sefa yemhepo ine zvikamu zviviri, chinhu chesefa uye imba. Zvinodiwa zvikuru zvesefa yemhepo kushanda zvakanaka, kuramba kuyerera zvakanaka, uye kushandiswa nguva dzose kwenguva yakareba pasina kugadziriswa.
Injini dzemotokari zvikamu zvakanyatsonaka, uye kunyangwe tsvina diki inogona kukuvadza injini. Saka, mhepo isati yapinda mu cylinder, inofanira kuseferwa zvakanaka ne air filter isati yapinda mu cylinder. Air filter ndiyo inotsigira injini, uye mamiriro e air filter ane chekuita nehupenyu hweinjini. Kana air filter yakasviba ikashandiswa mota ichishanda, mweya unopinda muinjini hauzokwani, zvichikonzera kupisa mafuta kusina kukwana, zvichikonzera kushanda kweinjini kusina kugadzikana, simba rakaderera, uye kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakawedzera. Saka, mota inofanira kuchengetedza air filter yakachena.
Kupatsanura
Injini ine mhando nhatu dzemafirita: mhepo, mafuta, uye mafuta, uye firita remhepo riri mumotokari rinowanzonzi "mafirita mana". Ndiwo anokonzera kusefa kwemidziyo musystem yekupinda injini, system yemafuta, uye system yekutonhodza yesystem yekupisa.
A. Sefa yemafuta iri musystem yekuzora mafuta muinjini. Kumusoro kwayo ipombi yemafuta, uye pasi payo pane zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana muinjini zvinoda kuzorwa mafuta. Basa rayo nderekusefa tsvina inokuvadza mumafuta einjini kubva mupani yemafuta, uye kupa mafuta einjini akachena kucrankshaft, connecting rod, camshaft, supercharger, piston ring nedzimwe kinematic pairs kuti dzizorwe, dzitonhore uye dzichene, nokudaro dzichiwedzera hupenyu hwezvikamu izvi.
B. Sefa yemafuta inogona kukamurwa kuita kabhureta nerudzi rweinjection yemagetsi. Kune mainjini epeturu anoshandisa kabhureta, sefa yemafuta iri parutivi rwepombi yemafuta, uye kumanikidzwa kwekushanda kudiki. Kazhinji, kesi yenylon inoshandiswa, uye injini yemhando yeinjection yemagetsi Sefa yemafuta iri parutivi rwepombi yemafuta, uye ine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwekushanda, kazhinji ine kesi yesimbi.
C. Sefa yemhepo yemota iri musystem yekupinda injini, uye iboka rine chimwe kana zvimwe zvikamu zvesefa zvinochenesa mhepo. Basa rayo guru nderekusefa tsvina inokuvadza mumhepo inopinda musirindiri, kuitira kuderedza kupera kwecylinder, piston, piston ring, vharuvhu uye chigaro chevharuvhu nekukurumidza.
D. Sefa yemhepo inotonhodza mota inoshandiswa kusefa mhepo iri muchikamu chemotokari uye kutenderera kwemhepo mukati nekunze kwechikamu chemotokari. Bvisa mhepo iri muchikamu kana guruva, tsvina, hwema hweutsi, mukume, nezvimwewo zviri mumhepo zvinopinda muchikamu kuti zvive nechokwadi chehutano hwevafambi uye kubvisa hwema husina kujairika muchikamu. Panguva imwe chete, sefa yekabhini inewo basa rekuita kuti girazi repamberi riome kuyera basa re
Kutenderera kwekutsiva
Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vatengi vaitsive makiromita zviuru gumi nezvishanu ega ega. Mafirita emhepo emotokari anowanzo shanda munzvimbo dzakaoma haafanire kutsiva anopfuura makiromita zviuru gumi. (renje, nzvimbo yekuvaka, nezvimwewo) Hupenyu hwesefa yemhepo ndeye makiromita zviuru makumi matatu emotokari uye makiromita zviuru makumi masere emotokari dzekutengesa.
Zvinodiwa zvekusefa zvemafirita emakabhini emotokari
1. Kunyatsosefa: bvisa zvidimbu zvese zvakakura (>1-2 um)
2. Kushanda zvakanaka pakusefa: kuderedza huwandu hwezvidimbu zvinopfuura nepasefa.
3. Dzivirira injini kubvaruka nekukurumidza. Dzivirira kukuvara kwemuchina wekuyeresa mhepo!
4. Kumanikidzwa kwakaderera kunovimbisa chiyero chakanakisa chemhepo nemafuta einjini. Deredza kurasikirwa nekusefa.
5. Nzvimbo yakakura yekusefa, kugona kubata dota rakawanda uye kugara kwenguva refu. Deredza mari yekushandisa.
6. Nzvimbo diki yekuisa uye chimiro chidiki.
7. Kuomarara kwacho kwakakwira, izvo zvinodzivirira chinhu chefirita kuti chisasvetuke uye chisaputsike, zvichiita kuti chinhu chefirita chiputswe.
8. Chinodzivirira moto
9. Kushanda kwekusimbisa kwakavimbika
10. Kukosha kwakanaka kwemari
11. Hapana chivakwa chesimbi. Inobatsira pakuchengetedza nharaunda uye inogona kushandiswazve. Yakanaka kuchengetera.
