Kutengesa zvakananga mufekitori SAIC MAXUS V80 C00014713 Piston Ring-92MM

Ruzivo rwezvigadzirwa

Mhete yePiston idenderedzwa resimbi rinoshandiswa kuisa mugomba repiston. Kune mhando mbiri dzemhete dzepiston: mhete yekumanikidza uye mhete yemafuta. Mhete yekumanikidza inoshandiswa kuvhara musanganiswa unobvira mukamuri rinopisa; mhete yemafuta inoshandiswa kukwenya mafuta akawandisa kubva musirindiri.

Mhete yepiston iring yesimbi inonamira ine deformation yakakura yekunze, iyo inounganidzwa mu groove ye annular inoenderana nechikamu chemuchinjikwa. Mhete dzepiston dzinodzokororwa uye dzinotenderera dzinoshandisa musiyano wekumanikidzwa kwegasi kana mvura kuti dzigadzire chisimbiso pakati penzvimbo yekunze yakatenderera ye ring ne cylinder uye rimwe divi re ring ne groove ye ring.

Mhete dzepiston dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumichina yakasiyana-siyana yemagetsi, senge mainjini emhepo, mainjini edhiziri, mainjini epeturu, macompressor, michina yehydraulic, nezvimwewo, uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari, zvitima, ngarava, zvikepe, nezvimwewo. Kazhinji, mhete yepiston inoiswa mu ring groove yepiston, uye inoumba chamber ine piston, cylinder liner, cylinder head nezvimwe zvinhu zvekuita basa.

kukosha

Mhete yepiston ndiyo chinhu chikuru chiri mukati meinjini yemafuta, iyo inopedzisa kuvhara gasi remafuta pamwe chete nesilinda, piston, madziro esirinda, nezvimwewo. Injini dzemotokari dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya iinjini dzedhiziri nepeturu. Nekuda kwekushanda kwadzo kwakasiyana kwemafuta, mhete dzepiston dzinoshandiswa dzakasiyanawo. Mhete dzepiston dzepakutanga dzakagadzirwa nekukanda, asi nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, mhete dzepiston dzesimbi dzakatanga kushanda nesimba. , uye nekuvandudzwa kuri kuramba kuchiitwa kweinjini uye zvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza, mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana ekurapa pamusoro, akadai sekupfapfaidza nekupisa, electroplating, chrome plating, gas nitriding, physical deposition, surface coating, zinc-manganese phosphating, nezvimwewo, Basa remhete yepiston rinovandudzwa zvikuru.

Basa

Mabasa eringi yepiston anosanganisira mabasa mana: kuvhara, kudzora mafuta (kudzora mafuta), kupinza kupisa (kutamisa kupisa), uye kutungamira (kutsigira). Kuvhara: zvinoreva kuvhara gasi, kudzivirira gasi riri mukamuri rinopisa kuti risadonhe mu crankcase, kudzora kubuda kwegasi kusvika padiki, uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa. Kubuda kwemhepo hakungoderedzi simba reinjini chete, asiwo kunokanganisa mafuta, iro riri basa guru reringi yemhepo; Gadzirisa mafuta (kudzora mafuta): kubvisa mafuta akawandisa pamadziro esilinda, uye panguva imwe chete kuita kuti madziro esilinda ave matete. Firimu remafuta matete rinovimbisa kunyoroveswa kwakajairika kwesilinda, piston neringi, iro riri basa guru reringi yemafuta. Muinjini dzemazuva ano dzinomhanya zvakanyanya, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunopihwa pabasa reringi yepiston yekudzora firimu remafuta; kupinza kupisa: kupisa kwepiston kunoendeswa ku liner yesilinda kuburikidza neringi yepiston, kureva, kutonhora. Zvichienderana neruzivo rwakavimbika, 70-80% yekupisa kunogamuchirwa nepamusoro pepiston mupiston isina kutonhora kunonyungudutswa nepamhete yepiston kuenda kumadziro esirinda, uye 30-40% yepiston inotonhodzwa inotumirwa kusirinda kuburikidza nemhete yepiston. Rutsigiro: Mhete yepiston inochengetedza piston musirinda, inodzivirira piston kuti isabatane zvakananga nemadziro esirinda, inoita kuti piston ifambe zvakanaka, inoderedza kuramba kwekukweshana, uye inodzivirira piston kuti isadonhedze sirinda. Kazhinji, piston yeinjini yepeturu inoshandisa mhete mbiri dzemhepo nemhete imwe yemafuta, nepo injini yedhiziri inowanzoshandisa mhete mbiri dzemafuta nemhete imwe yemhepo. [2]

hunhu

simba

Masimba anoshanda paringi yepiston anosanganisira kumanikidzwa kwegasi, simba re elastic reringi pachayo, simba re inertial rekufamba kweringi kunodzokororwa, kukweshana pakati peringi ne cylinder ne ring groove, nezvimwewo. Nekuda kwemasimba aya, ringi rinogadzira mafambiro ekutanga akadai sekufamba kwe axial, kufamba kwe radial, uye kufamba kwekutenderera. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwekufamba, pamwe chete nekufamba kusingawanzoitiki, ringi ye piston inoonekwa isingadzivisike uye kudedera kwe axial, kufamba kusingawanzoitiki kwe radial uye kudedera, kufamba kwekutenderera, nezvimwewo zvinokonzerwa nekufamba kusingawanzoitiki kwe axial. Kufamba uku kusingawanzoitiki kunowanzo dzivirira mhete dze piston kuti dzisashande. Pakugadzira ringi ye piston, zvakakosha kupa mutambo wakazara kumafambiro akanaka uye kudzora divi risingatarisirwi.

kufambiswa kwemhepo inopisa

Kupisa kwakanyanya kunokonzerwa nekutsva kunopfuudzwa kumadziro esirinda kuburikidza nerin'i yepiston, saka inogona kutonhodza piston. Kupisa kunonyungudika kumadziro esirinda kuburikidza nerin'i yepiston kunogona kusvika 30 kusvika 40% yekupisa kunotorwa nepamusoro pepiston.

kusimba kwemhepo

Basa rekutanga reringi yepiston nderekuchengetedza chisimbiso pakati pepiston nemadziro esirinda uye kudzora kubuda kwemhepo zvishoma. Basa iri rinonyanya kuitwa neringi yegesi, kureva kuti, pasi pemamiriro ese ekushanda kweinjini, kubuda kwemhepo yakamanikidzwa negesi kunofanirwa kudzorwa zvishoma kuti kuwedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa; kudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo pakati pesirinda nepiston kana pakati pesirinda neringi. Bata; kudzivirira kutadza kunokonzerwa nekuora kwemafuta ekuzora, nezvimwewo.

Kudzora mafuta

Basa rechipiri reringi yepiston nderekukwesha zvakanaka mafuta ekuzora akabatana nemadziro esilinda uye kuchengetedza kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakajairika. Kana mafuta ekuzora anowanikwa akawandisa, anosvetwa mukamuri yekubatidza, izvo zvichawedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta, uye zvichakanganisa mashandiro einjini nekuda kwecarbon deposits inoburitswa nekubatidza.

Kutsigira

Nekuti piston diki zvishoma pane dhayamita yemukati mesirinda, kana pasina rin'i yepiston, piston haina kugadzikana musirinda uye haigone kufamba yakasununguka. Panguva imwe chete, rin'i inodzivirirawo piston kuti isabatane zvakananga nesirinda uye inoita basa rekutsigira. Nokudaro, rin'i yepiston inofamba ichikwira nekudzika musirinda, uye pamusoro payo panotsvedza panotakurwa zvizere nerin'i.

Kupatsanura

Nemagadzirirwo

A. Maumbirwo emonolithic: kuburikidza nemaitiro ekukanda kana kuumba kwakabatana.

b. Mhete yakabatana: Mhete yepiston ine zvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura zvakaungana mumugero wemhete.

c. Mhete yemafuta ine mipata: mhete yemafuta ine mativi akaenzana, nzvimbo mbiri dzakabatwa uye maburi ekudzosa mafuta.

D. Mhete yemafuta echitubu checoil ine maburi: wedzera mhete yemafuta echitubu checoil mumhete yemafuta ine maburi. Chitubu chekutsigira chinogona kuwedzera kumanikidzwa kwe radial, uye simba rayo pamusoro pemukati memhete rakaenzana. Inowanzo kuwanikwa mumhete dzeinjini yedhiziri.

E. Mhete yemafuta yakasanganiswa nebhandi resimbi: mhete yemafuta ine mhete yemukati uye mhete mbiri dzekukwenya. Magadzirirwo emhete yekumashure anosiyana zvichienderana nemugadziri uye anowanzo kuwanikwa mumhete dzeinjini yepeturu.

Chimiro chechikamu

Mhete yebhaketi, mhete yekoni, mhete yemukati yechamfer twist, mhete yewedge nemhete yetrapezoid, mhete yemhino, mhete yekunze yefudzi, mhete yemukati yechamfer twist, mhete yesimbi yekubatanidza mafuta, mhete yemafuta yechamfer yakasiyana, mhete imwechete yechamfer oil, mhete yemafuta yesimbi yesimbi, mhete yemafuta yesimbi yesimbi yakakandwa, mhete yemafuta yesimbi, nezvimwewo.

Nezvinhu

Simbi yakakandwa, simbi.

kurapwa pamusoro

Mhete yeNitride: Kuomarara kwechikamu chenitride kuri pamusoro pe950HV, kuputsika kwayo kuri giredhi 1, uye ine simba rekudzivirira kupfekwa uye kuramba kupfekwa. Mhete yeChrome-plated: Chikamu chechrome-plated chakanaka, chakamanikana uye chakapfava, nekuomarara kwe850HV, simba rekudzivirira kupfekwa rakanaka kwazvo, uye network ye criss-crossing micro-cracks, iyo inobatsira kuchengetwa kwemafuta ekuzora. Mhete yePhosphating: Kuburikidza nekurapa kwemakemikari, chikamu chephosphate film chinoumbwa pamusoro pemhete yepiston, iyo inoita basa rekudzivirira ngura pachigadzirwa uye inovandudzawo kushanda kwekutanga kwemhete. Mhete yeOxidation: Pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwakanyanya uye oxidant yakasimba, firimu yeoxide inoumbwa pamusoro pesimbi, ine simba rekudzivirira ngura, anti-friction lubrication uye chitarisiko chakanaka. Kune maPVD nezvimwewo.

zvichienderana nebasa

Kune mhando mbiri dzemapiston rings: gas ring neoil ring. Basa regas ring nderekuona kuti pakati pepiston necylinder pane chisimbiso. Inodzivirira gasi rinopisa zvakanyanya uye rinodzvinyirira zvakanyanya riri mucylinder kuti risadonhe mu crankcase yakawanda, uye panguva imwe chete rinoita kuti kupisa kwakawanda kubva pamusoro pepiston kuenda kumadziro ecylinder, iro rinozotorwa nemvura inotonhorera kana mhepo.

Mhete yemafuta inoshandiswa kukwenya mafuta akawandisa pamadziro esirinda, uye kuputira firimu remafuta rakafanana pamadziro esirinda, izvo zvisingangogone kudzivirira mafuta kupinda musisirinda nekutsva chete, asiwo kuderedza kupera nekupwanyika kwepiston, piston ring uye sirinda. [1]

kushandiswa

Kuzivikanwa kwakanaka kana kwakaipa

Nzvimbo yekushanda yeringi yepiston haifanirwe kunge iine mavanga, mavanga uye maburi, nzvimbo yekunze yecylindrical uye nzvimbo dzekumusoro nedzepasi dzinofanira kunge dzakatsetseka, kutsauka kwecurvature hakufanirwe kupfuura 0.02-0.04 mm, uye huwandu hweringi iri mu groove hahufanirwe kudarika 0.15-0.25 mm, kusimba uye kuchena kweringi yepiston zvinosangana nemirairo. Pamusoro pezvo, mwero wekubuda kwechiedza kweringi yepiston unofanirwawo kuongororwa, kureva kuti, ringi yepiston inofanira kuiswa yakati sandara musirindiri, kanoni kadiki kechiedza kanofanira kuiswa pasi peringi yepiston, uye ndiro yemumvuri inofanira kuiswa pairi, uye ipapo mukana wekubuda kwechiedza pakati peringi yepiston nemadziro ecylinder unofanirwa kuonekwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kana kubatana pakati peringi yepiston nemadziro ecylinder kwakanaka. Kazhinji, mukana wekubuda kwechiedza weringi yepiston haufanirwe kudarika 0.03 mm kana uchiyerwa negeji yeukobvu. Kureba kwemukana wekubuda kwechiedza unoramba uchibuda hakufanirwe kudarika 1/3 yedhayamita yesirindiro, kureba kwemukana wekubuda kwechiedza unoverengeka hakufanirwe kupfuura 1/3 yedhayamita yesirindiro, uye kureba kwemukana wekubuda kwechiedza unoverengeka hakufanirwe kudarika 1/2 yedhayamita yesirindiro, zvikasadaro, inofanira kutsiviwa.

mitemo yekumaka

Chiratidzo chemhete yepiston GB/T 1149.1-94 chinoti mhete dzese dzepiston dzinoda gwara rekuisa dzinofanira kunge dzakanyorwa pamusoro, kureva kuti, parutivi rwuri pedyo nekamuri rinopisa. Mhete dzakanyorwa pamusoro dzinosanganisira: mhete yekona, chamfer yemukati, mhete yetafura yakachekwa kunze, mhete yemhino, mhete yewedge nemhete yemafuta inoda gwara rekuisa, uye rutivi rwepamusoro rwemhete rwakanyorwa.

Zvekungwaririra

Teerera paunenge uchiisa mhete dzepiston

1) Mhete yepiston yakaiswa zvakanaka mu liner ye silinda, uye panofanira kunge paine mukana wekuvhura panzvimbo inopindirana.

2) Mhete yepiston inofanira kuiswa papiston, uye mu groove yeringi, panofanira kuva nenzvimbo yakati divi rakati chechetere padivi pekukwirira.

3) Mhete yakagadzirwa nechrome inofanira kuiswa muchiteshi chekutanga, uye gomba harifanirwe kutarisana nekwakananga gomba remvura riri pamusoro pepiston.

4) Maburi erin'i yega yega yepiston anotenderedzwa ne120°C, uye haatenderwi kutarisana neburi repin yepiston.

5) Kune mhete dzepiston dzine chikamu chakatetepa, nzvimbo yakatetepa inofanira kunge iri kumusoro panguva yekuiswa.

6) Kazhinji, kana ring yekutenderedza yaiswa, chamfer kana groove inofanira kunge yakakwira; kana ring yekutenderedza yakapetwa, chengetai koni yakatarisa kumusoro.

7) Pakuisa rin'i yakabatana, rin'i ye axial lining inofanira kutanga yaiswa, uye ipapo rin'i yakatsetseka nerin'i ye wave zvinofanira kuiswa. Rin'i yakatsetseka inoiswa pamusoro nepasi perin'i ye wave, uye maburi erin'i yega yega anofanira kutenderedzwa kubva kune imwe.

Basa rezvinhu

1. Kuramba kupfeka

2. Kuchengetera mafuta

3. Kuoma

4. Kuramba ngura

5. Simba

6. Kudzivirira kupisa

7. Kusasimba

8. Kucheka mashandiro

Pakati pazvo, kuramba kupfeka uye kusimba kwesimbi ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha. Zvishandiso zvesimbi zvine simba guru zvinosanganisira simbi yakakandwa yegrey, simbi yakakandwa yeductile, simbi yakakandwa yealloy, uye simbi yakakandwa yevermicular graphite.

Pistoni inobatanidza tsvimbo yekubatanidza

Pfungwa huru dzekuungana kweboka retsvimbo yekubatanidza piston yejenareta yedhiziri ndeidzi dzinotevera:

1. Chivharo chemhangura chinosungirirwa patsvimbo yekubatanidza. Pakuisa chivharo chemhangura chetsvimbo yekubatanidza, zvakanaka kushandisa chivharo chemhangura kana vise, uye usachirove nenyundo; gomba remafuta kana mugero wemafuta patsvimbo yemhangura zvinofanirwa kuenderana negomba remafuta patsvimbo yekubatanidza kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inonyoroveswa.

2. Unganidza piston netsvimbo yekubatanidza. Pakubatanidza piston netsvimbo yekubatanidza, nyatsoteerera nzvimbo yazvo uye kwazvinotarisana.

Pini yepiston nhatu dzakaiswa neunyanzvi. Pini yepiston neburi repini zvinopindirana. Paunoisa, tanga waisa piston mumvura kana mumafuta woipisa zvakaenzana kusvika 90°C ~ 100°C. Mushure mekuibvisa, isa tsvimbo yetie panzvimbo yakakodzera pakati pemaburi echigaro chepiston, wobva waisa pini yepiston yakaputirwa nemafuta nenzira yakatarwa. Mugomba repiston neburi resimbi rekubatanidza tsvimbo yemhangura.

Chechina, kuiswa kweringi yepiston. Pakuisa ringi yepiston, teerera nzvimbo uye kurongeka kweringi yega yega.

Cheshanu, isa boka retsvimbo yekubatanidza.