Pakuchaira motokari inoda kuchinja mafambiro nguva nenguva zvichienderana nezvido zvemutyairi, kunova kunonzi kudhiraivha. Nezve mota dzine mavhiri, nzira yekuziva mafambisirwo emotokari ndeyekuti mutyairi anogadzira mavhiri (mavhiri ekufambisa) paaxle yekutungamidza (kazhinji ekisero yekumberi) yemotokari inobvisa imwe kona inoenderana neiyo longitudinal axis yemotokari kuburikidza neseti yemagadzirirwo akagadzirwa. Kana mota ichityaira munzira yakatwasuka, vhiri redhiraivha rinowanzo batwa ne lateral interference force of the road surface, uye rinobva raita zvekutsauka kushandura gwara rekutyaira. Panguva ino, mutyairi anogona zvakare kushandisa michina iyi kutsausa chidhiraivho chakatarisana, kuitira kudzoreredza gwara rekutyaira kwemotokari. Iyi seti yemasangano akakosha anoshandiswa kushandura kana kudzoreredza gwara rekutyaira remota inonzi mota inotungamira system (inowanzozivikanwa seyo mota inotungamira). Naizvozvo, basa reiyo mota inotungamira system ndeyekuona kuti mota inogona kutungamirwa uye kufambiswa zvinoenderana nemutyairi anoda. [1]
Kuvaka musimboti editing kutepfenyura
Zvifambiso zvemotokari zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: mechanical steering systems uye simba rekutungamirira masisitimu.
Mechanical steering system
Iyo mechanical steering system inoshandisa simba remutyairi remuviri sesimba rekutungamirira, umo zvikamu zvose zvekufambisa kwemasimba zvinogadzirwa. Iyo mechanical steering system ine zvikamu zvitatu: steering control mechanism, steering gear uye steering transmission mechanism.
Mufananidzo 1 unoratidza dhiyabhorosi dhizaini yekuumbwa uye kurongeka kweiyo mechanical steering system. Kana motokari ichitendeuka, mutyairi anoshandisa torque yechidhiraivho kune chidhiraivho 1. Iyi torque inoiswa kune inotungamira giya 5 kuburikidza neinotungamira shaft 2, iyo inotungamira yepasirese yakabatana 3 uye inotungamira transmission shaft 4. Iyo torque inokwidziridzwa negiya rekutungamirira uye kufamba mushure mekudzikisira kunoendeswa kune chidhiraivho rocker ruoko 6, uye yobva yapfuudzwa kune chidhiraivho knuckle ruoko 8 yakagadzikwa kuruboshwe chidhiraivho knuckle 9 kuburikidza chidhiraivho yakatwasuka tsvimbo 7, kuitira kuti kuruboshwe chidhiraivho knuckle uye kuruboshwe chidhiraivho knuckle inotsigira inopfuudzwa. Chidhiraivho chakatsauka. Kuti udzivise chidhiraivho chekurudyi 13 uye vhiri rekurudyi rinotsigira nemakona anoenderana, trapezoid inotungamira inopihwa zvakare. Iyo inotungamira trapezoid inoumbwa ne trapezoidal maoko 10 uye 12 yakagadzika kuruboshwe uye kurudyi mapfumo ekufambisa uye tsvimbo yekubatira 11 iyo migumo yakabatana nemaoko e trapezoidal nebhora hinges.
Mufananidzo 1 Schematic dhayagiramu yekuumbwa uye kurongeka kweiyo mechanical steering system
Mufananidzo 1 Schematic dhayagiramu yekuumbwa uye kurongeka kweiyo mechanical steering system
Iyo yakatevedzana yezvikamu uye zvikamu kubva padhiraivha kuenda kune inofambisa transmission shaft ndeyeiyo inotungamira dhizaini. Iwo akatevedzana ezvikamu uye zvikamu (kusingabatanidzi mapfumo ekufambisa) kubva kune inotungamira rocker ruoko kuenda kune inotungamira trapezoid ndeye yeinotungamira kufambisa michina.
power steering system
The simba chidhiraivho hurongwa ari chidhiraivho hurongwa anoshandisa zvose mutyairi muviri simba uye injini simba sezvo chidhiraivho simba. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, chikamu chiduku chete chesimba rinodiwa pakufambisa kwemotokari inopiwa nemutyairi, uye yakawanda yacho inopiwa nejini kuburikidza nemagetsi ekugadzirisa simba. Nekudaro, kana chibatiso chemagetsi chikatadza, mutyairi anofanirwa kunge achikwanisa kuzvimiririra kuita basa rekufambisa mota. Nokudaro, hurongwa hwekugadzirisa simba hunoumbwa nekuwedzera seti yemagetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi pamusana pe mechanical steering system.
Pamotokari inorema-inorema ine huwandu hwehuwandu hunopfuura 50t, kana simba rekutungamirira simba rakundikana, simba rinoshandiswa nemutyairi kune knuckle yekutungamirira kuburikidza ne mechanical drive train iri kure nekukwanisa kukanganisa chidhiraivho kuti uwane chidhiraivho. Nokudaro, kutungamira kwemagetsi emotokari dzakadaro kunofanira kunyanya kuvimbika.
Mufananidzo 2 Schematic diagram yekuumbwa kweiyo hydraulic power steering system
Mufananidzo 2 Schematic diagram yekuumbwa kweiyo hydraulic power steering system
FIG. 2 idhizaini inoratidza kuumbwa kweiyo hydraulic power steering system uye kurongeka kwepombi ye hydraulic power steering mudziyo. Zvikamu zvemagetsi ekugadzirisa magetsi ndezvi: tangi yemafuta ekufambisa 9, pombi yemafuta ekutungamirira 10, valve yekudzivirira 5 uye cylinder yemagetsi 12. Kana mutyairi atendeutsa chidhiraivho 1 nechekumberi (chidhiraivho chekuruboshwe), chidhiraivho cherocker ruoko 7 chinotyaira chidhiraivho chakatwasuka 6 kuenda kumberi. Simba rekukwevera retambo yakatwasuka rinobata pachibatiso cheruoko 4, uye rinopfuudzwa kune trapezoidal ruoko 3 uye chidhiraivho chisungo tsvimbo 11 mukuchinjana, kuitira kuti iende kurudyi. Panguva imwecheteyo, tsvimbo yakatwasuka inotyairawo slide vharuvhu muvharuvhu yekudzora 5, kuitira kuti kamuri yekurudyi yesimba rekutungamira silinda 12 yakabatana netangi yemafuta inotungamira ine zero yemvura pamusoro pekumanikidza. Iyo yakanyanya-kudzvanywa mafuta epombi yemafuta 10 inopinda mugomba rekuruboshwe resilinda yesimba rekutungamira, saka iyo yekurudyi hydraulic simba papiston yechitsigiro chesilinda yesimba rinoiswa patambo tsvimbo 11 kuburikidza netsvimbo yekusundidzira, iyo inoitawo kuti iende kurudyi. Neiyi nzira, diki diki torque rinoiswa nemutyairi kune chidhiraivho rinogona kukunda dhiraivha inopikisa torque inobata pachidhiraivho nepasi.
